1. the CORE CONCEPT “IF - THEN” LOGIC
THE LOGICAL FRAMEWORK APPROACH (LFA MODEL)
Dr. Pramod B. Shrestha
June 2016
the CORE CONCEPT
“IF - THEN” LOGIC

2. Project Designing Model
then
PROJECT OBJECTIVES if
GOAL
COMPONENTS/OUTPUTS if
then
ACTIVITIES/INPUTS if
then

3. 1. Participation analysis
Vision
1. Participation analysis
2. Problem
analysis
3. Objectives
analysis
NEEDS
SITUATION
4. Alternatives analysis
Steps of Analysis in Project Planning

4. Statement of Problems: Problems are negative state/condition,
PROBLEM/SITUATION ANALYSIS
Statement of Problems: Problems are negative state/condition,
not the absence of a solution.
Example:
LIMITED SOURCE OF FUND
NO FUND AVAILABLE
Wrongly stated
Rightly stated
Avoidance of the use of words:
no….
Absence of….
lack of….

5. PROBLEM/SITUATION ANALYSIS
Effect
Core Problem
Effects
Cause
Core Problem
Causes
Core Problem

6. Students lost interest
Effects
Students lost interest
Low attendance
Core Problem
High student failures
Teachers are
extremely
strict
Outdated
admission
system
Standards
are
different
Causes
The Problem Tree

7. Highly motivated students Higher rate of graduation
End
Highly motivated students
Higher rate of graduation
Project Objective
To improve student performance
Train teachers
Revise admission system
Standardize assessment
Means
The Objective Tree

8. The Project Framework Matrix (4W and 1H)
WHY
the project is carried out
Project purpose
WHAT
the project is expected to achieve
Results/Outputs
HOW
the project plans to achieve the outputs/result or components
Activities
WHICH
external factors are crucial for the success of the project
Assumptions/Risks
HOW
to measure the success of the project
Project Targets
WHERE
to find the data needed for the project evaluation
Means/Sources of Verifications
HOW
much the project will cost
Specifications of inputs and costs

9. Design Summary of the Project Framework Matrix (PFM)
Target/indicators
Means of
Verification
Assumptions/
Risks
1. Overall goal
(sector or area):
The ultimate rationale of the project
2. Project
Purpose: Why the project is carried out.
3. Project
Components/Outputs What the project is expected to achieve
4. Activities: How the project plans to achieve the outputs/results
Inputs are the necessary supports to implement activities
Design Summary of the Project Framework Matrix (PFM)

10. Sample PFM Project Title: Improvement of student performance
Project Target
Assumptions/Risk
Means of
Verification
Manpower plan/projections implemented
Goal:
Supply of quality graduates/manpower
Absorption rate of graduates
- Documents
- Statistics
Project purpose:
To improve student performance
Increase number of graduates
Records
Strong support of management
Components/
Outputs/Results:
1. Students are highly motivated
2. Internal efficiency improved
Attendance
Student Files
Student services are in place; organizational development is carried out
Project activities:
1. Train teachers
2. Standardize
assessment
3. Revise admission
Inputs/resources:
- Budget
- Personnel
- Materials
Records
Teachers’ availability; provision of resources
Sample PFM