1. Macromolecules and Estimating Time of Death

2. Macromolecules _____ molecules made from _______ molecules Large
smaller
Are large/giant molecules made from smaller molecules

3. Monomers vs Polymers One Monomer = _____ Polymer = ______ or _______
E.x
One
Two
more
Monomer= one, polymer= two or more.

4. Monomers _________ blocks for larger molecules
Macromolecules ________ into monomers
Building
breakdown

5. Macromolecules in living things
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3.Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

6. Carbohydrates Function: Energy for cellular processes
Structural uses in plants

7. Simple vs Complex Sugars
Monosaccharides
_________ sugar
_________ unit of sugar
EX.
Polysaccharides
________ sugars
________ units of sugar EX
Simple
Single
Complex
Multiple

8. Storage of Sugar Plants store sugar as __________ starch
Animals store sugar as _________
Both are considered ____________
starch
glycogen
polymers

9. Examples of Carbs

10. Lipids **Insoluble in water Functions: Store energy Insulate body
Protect organs
Provide waterproof coverings

11. Monomers of Lipids **Fatty acids are monomers of lipids
Saturated fatty acids
________ at room temp
Unsaturated fatty acids
_______ at room temp
Solid
Liquid

12. Saturated vs Unsaturated Fatty Acids
Why are unsaturated fatty acids liquid at room temp?
Why are saturated fatty acids solid at room temp?
Carbon tails are ___________
loose
Carbon tails are _________
stuck together

13. Examples of Lipids
Wax

14. Proteins Functions: Control rate of reactions Monomers Amino acids
Identified by different R-Group

15. Examples of Proteins

16. Nucleic Acids Function: Store and transmit genetic info Made up of
Nucleotides

17. Examples of Nucleic Acids

18. Identify the Macromolecule

19. Table Talk Complete the following analogy
Plants: Starch: Animals:____________
Carbohydrates :Monosaccharaides: Proteins: ______
Is galactose classified as a monosaccharide or a polysaccharide? Where is it found?
Why are saturated fats liquid at room temperature?

20. The Stomach Takes _________ to empty Is dependent on _____________
4-6 hours
What and how much you ate
The stomach takes 4-5 hours to empty. This is dependent on what you eat.

21. Peristalsis
Muscle __________ that move food through the digestive system.
contractions
Muscle contractions that move food through the digestive system.

22. How Does Food Get From Your Mouth To Your Stomach?

23. Stomach Contents Can determine: _______ of death Mode
________ the _____ of death
Mode
Manner
Estimate
Can determine the mode of death, the cause of death and estimate the time of death
time

24. Four Modes of Death Natural Causes Accidental Death Homicide Suicide

25. How to Estimate Time of Death
More solid particles =
Less time has passed since eating and death
More liquid =
More time has passed since eating and death
More solid particles= death soon after eating, more liquid= death long after eathing

26. Who died most recently after eating?B
The correct answer is B,C,A C

27. What else can stomach contents reveal?
If the person was __________
If the person used __________
poisoned
drugs

28. Carbohydrate (Starch) Test

29. Protein Test

30. Lipid Test
Positive

31. Sugar Test
Negative
Positive

32. Macromolecule Lab Analysis Questions
According to your results, which sample contained starch? Look for a color change!!
According to your results, which samples contained sugar? Look for a color change!!
According to your results, which samples contained proteins? Look for a color change!!
According to your results, which samples contained lipids? Bag should be transparent.
Based on your knowledge of macromolecules, classify each of the samples you tested as a carbohydrate, a lipid, a protein or a nucleic acid.

33. Case Study #1
Matt is found 10 a.m. He is found at a table set for two people. His stomach contents reveal large chunks of chicken, bite size pieces of spaghetti and corn.
Did he die shortly after eating or a long time after eating? How do you know this?
Which macromolecule(s) were found in his stomach? How do you know this?
What was the mode of death? How do you know this? What leads you to think this?

34. Case Study #2
Will is found 3p.m. He was last seen eating a brownie with nuts. His stomach contents reveal a brown liquid and traces of nuts. Will is allergic to nuts.
Which macromolecule(s) were found in his stomach? How do you know this?
What is the mode of death? What leads you to think this?
Did he die shortly after eating or a long time after eating? How do you know this?

35. Case Study #3
Lindsey was pronounced dead last night, her stomach contents revealed large pieces of bacon, chunks of fat, and a liquid white substance that turned from light blue to purple when tested with Biuret solution. There was a large piece of bacon lodged in her esophagus.
What was the mode of death? What leads you to think this?
Which macromolecule(s) were found in her stomach? How do you know this?
Did she die shortly after eating or a long time after eating? How do you know this?

36. Case Study #4
Kurt Cobain was found dead last Thursday. His stomach contents revealed a small trace of liquid, both Lugol’s solution and Benedict solution yielded positive results. Witnesses say they saw him eating dinner at The Old Spaghetti Factory the night before, he was mumbling to himself and had been drinking since noon.
Which macromolecule(s) were found in his stomach? How do you know this?
Did he die shortly after eating or a long time after eating? How do you know this?
What was his mode of death? What leads you to think this?

37. Digestion The __________ of food Mechanical Digestion
Chemical Digestion
breakdown

38. Digestive Organs Which organ produces insulin?
Which organ stores bile?
Which organ transports food from the mouth to the stomach?
Where is bile made?
What moves food through the digestive system?

39. Peristalsis and Death
Does peristalsis occur after death?

40. Movement of food Esophagus Mouth _________ Stomach
____________ Large Intestine
________
Gall bladder and pancreas
Release substances which are necessary for digestion
Esophagus
Small intestine
rectum

41. He’s full of what??? Been constipated since birth
Laxatives allowed somes relief
Hischprung’s disease
Filled with 29 lbs of feces
No nerve cells in the colon. No nerves means the signals for peristalsis are not reaching that part of the intestines. Feces do not move to the rectum

42. Organs of the Digestive System
Digestive system webquest