1. United States and Canada
Physical and Human Geography
US: 50 states; Can: 10 provinces/3 territories

2. Landforms Appalachian Mts: Rocky Mountains: Continental Divide:
Basins:
Piedmont:
Plains

3. Water Features
Rivers-St. Lawrence, Mississippi, Ohio, Missouri, Colorado
Great Lakes
Bering Strait

4. Resources
Fresh water
Fish
Minerals
Energy resources
timber

5. Climates
Mid-latitudes: humid-subtropical, humid continental, marine west coast, Mediterranean
Dry Climate: desert climate
High Latitude: highland, subarctic, and tundra
Tropical

6. US Regions
Industrial North (Atlantic coastal Plains)
The South: Gulf coastal Plains
Central Plains: the Great Plains
The West: Rocky Mountains

7. Canadian Regions Canadian North (frozen, uninhabited)
Maritime Provinces (Atlantic shores)
St. Lawrence Lowlands (Canada’s heartland of population and economy)
Prairie Provinces (grain- and oil- producing areas)
British Columbia (Pacific coast)

9. History Ice Age: migrated across Bering Strait
Eskimos and Indians lived in the tundra
Depended on animals to meet their needs

10. Europeans to America Migrated by 1600’s (for land, minerals, freedom
Adapted to conditions:
North: trade, fish, and manufactured goods
Middle: raised cash crops
South: large scale plantations

11. French: lived in Canada: trapped animals or fished
Spanish: lived on coasts to protect their ships; went west to farm and raise cattle
Conflict w/ Indians b/c they cleared the land, destroyed hunting grounds, and took over fur trade.
Canada became English in 1763

12. LA Purchase (1803) All land b/w the Miss River and the Rocky Mts.
Doubled size of US and added more resources
Access to Miss River and a port at NO
Brought more immigrants

14. Technology and Growth
Developed transcontinental railroads; dry farming and other farming advances
Better means of mass production (led to lower prices)
Dramatically increased after WWII

15. Cultural Expression 83% are of European descent
highly value religious freedom; majority are Christians
Primary language is English; some areas are bilingual b/c communications can be in 2 languages.

16. Canada’s Cultural Expression
Canada is bilingual: two official languages – French and English.
Also has long heritage of religious freedom: Mostly Catholics or Protestants

17. Population Patterns
U.S: population density is 67/sq. mile. 75 % live in or near cities
Metropolitan area: central city and its suburbs (the outlying communities)

18. Megalopolis: Urban core of the industrial north: continuous urban strip from Boston to Washington, DC
Most people are mobile: move from place to place

21. Canada
Huge land with few people: 28 million
Most Canadians live within 200 miles of the U.S. b/c the rest of country to rough.

22. Government
US: representative democracy: elect leaders to represent them
US economy based on free- enterprise:
Canada: constitutional monarchy: king/queen limited by a constitution, real leader is the Prime minister.

23. Pierre Trudeau (Prime Minister)

24. President Bush

25. The Economy
Developed countries: skilled workers, many natural resources and advanced technology.
Economy based on free enterprise: people can organize and operate businesses for profit (capitalism)
Canada, however has some gov’t control in broadcasting, transportation and healthcare.

26. Agriculture
Practice commercial farming: produce food/animals for sale.
US and Canada raise meats, grains, vegetables, and fruits.
Use fertilizers, pesticides, machinery, and hybrid seeds

27. Truck farms: close to large cities so goods can be quickly shipped
Technology: all land to fallow; irrigation contour farming; dry farming

28. Industry 2/3 work in service industries (tourism major industry)
world leaders in manufacturing due to resources and technology
US makes 1/4th of world’s manufactured goods
Employs 20% of the workforce
2/3 work in service industries (tourism major industry)

29. US leads the world in total value of imports and exports-major partner is Canada
Interdependent

30. Transportation Great roads (interstate hwys) Largest rail system
Water ways
Leaders in air traffic
Pipelines for oil

31. Communications U.S. leads world in TV’s and phones
Communications are privately owned but regulated by the government.
Canada: government active in broadcasting and transportation.