1. Enterprise Integration
Prof Yuliu Chen
Tsinghua University
IFIP-IFAC Task Force meeting Beijing, 8 July, 1999
2018/12/2

2. 1. General Introduction of CIM Implementation in China
2. Application of system architecture and modeling methods in Chinese industries
3. The viewpoint about Economic View and Justification Criteria
4. Suggestions on further application of GERAM
2018/12/2

3. 1. General Introduction of CIM Implementation in China
National Key Program, called 863
From Now …
3,000 researchers (universities, research institutes, & companies)
Research
Applications
Software commercialization
2018/12/2

4. The Research Base in China
Chen Yuliu:
The Research Base in China
National CIMS-ERC (Tsinghua Univ.)
7 engineering Labs (Beijing、Shanghai、Nanjing;Xian;Shenyang)
10 Training Center (Beijing,Shenyang, Harbin,Xian,Chongqing,Nanjing,Shanghai,Hangzhou,Guangzhou,Wuhan)
2018/12/2

5. oil & chemical industry metallurgical industry
Near 200 Enterprises have implemented (or are implementing) CIMS, =>Large benefits
mechanical industry
electronic industry
aviation industry
space industry
oil & chemical industry
metallurgical industry
including: large enterprises, and SME
2018/12/2

6. Shenyang Air-blower Company Product delivery time 18 m 10-12 m
Design & mfg ability sets  54 sets/year
Total sales  %
quality cost  79.7%
rank in the world after 10  top 6
2018/12/2

7. Beijing NO.1 machine tool plant Delivery time:
super heavy milling NC machine
36 m  18 m
machining center m  9 m
2018/12/2

8. International recognition SME: 1994, “University LEAD Award”
Tsinghua University.
1995, “Industry LEAD Award”
Beijing NO.1 Machine Tools Plant
2018/12/2

9. Integration: Information Integration • Process Integration
• Enterprise Integration
Prospects
• Applications 200enterprises, CE, 10enterprises
• Technology Agile Engineering
Virtual mfg.
CORBA/Web based PDM
Mass Customization Production
RPM
2018/12/2

10. 1. General Introduction of CIM Implementation in China
2. Application of system architecture and modeling methods in Chinese industries
3. The viewpoint about Economic View and Justification Criteria
4. Suggestions on further application of GERAM
2018/12/2

11. Our Understanding of Integration
Information Integration
• Process Integration
• Enterprise Integration
2018/12/2

12. Information Integration
By using IT to reach the situation that
during the whole business running time, everywhere in the enterprise in question, right information can be sent to and received by right person at right time in right place.
2018/12/2

13. Process Integration
All kinds of processes within the enterprise can be seamlessly connected together, without any kinds of obstacles, to achieve the business goal of the enterprise.
2018/12/2

14. Enterprise Integration
Intra-enterprise Integration
The integration of People, Business and Technology
Inter-enterprise Integration
The integration between same kinds of enterprises----Virtual Enterprise
The integration between different kinds of enterprises----along Supply Chain
2018/12/2

15. Business
CIM
People
Technology
2018/12/2

16. WHAT KIND OF CIM SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE INDUSTRIES EXPECT
Modeling analysis is used at conceptual stage. There are no requirements for modeling implementation stage. Some iterations might be necessary.
Without directly linking the functional requirements or function deployment with cost/benefit analysis, it will be difficult to stimulate the entrepreneurs to make
decision for investment of CIM
implementation
2018/12/2

17. WHAT KIND OF CIM SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE INDUSTRIES EXPECT(continued)
How to properly realize the integration of People, Business and Technology is an unsolved question.
The modeling analysis methods should be easy to understand for those engineers who were not educated in computer science or system engineering.
2018/12/2

18. Stair-Like CIM System Architecture
PROJECT LIFE CYCLE
Technical
Realization
Conceptual
AS-IS
TO-BE
Technical
STEPWISE REALIZATION
Definition
Models
Models
Specification
Implementation
Information
Human and Organization
Detailed Design
Primary Design
Manufacturing
Analysis
SUBSYSTEMS
Function
Decision
Project Definition
Information
Organization
Resource
Economic
VIEWS
Stair-Like CIM System Architecture
2018/12/2

19. Explanation of the proposed architecture
Number of views is open, depends on requirement.
Economic view is the important difference between this scheme and the existing architectures.
No modeling for implementation stage.
Consider project life cycle rather than enterprise life cycle.
2018/12/2

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21. 2018/12/2

22. GRAI grid example
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23. GRAI net example
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24. X
Name 1
Authority 1
Name m m 2
Name p p 3
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25. Name 1 1
Name 2 2
Name n N I1 I2 O1 E D F A B C
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26. Resources cells
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27. 2018/12/2

28. 1. General Introduction of CIM Implementation in China
2. Application of system architecture and modeling methods in Chinese industries
3. The viewpoint about Economic View and Justification Criteria
4. Suggestions on further application of GERAM
2018/12/2

29. ABC(Activity Based Costing) AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process)
2018/12/2

30. 2018/12/2

31. lead time, cost, labor saving, quality, etc.)
Measurable Economic Benefit (including the improvements of productivity,
lead time, cost, labor saving, quality, etc.)
the ability for meeting market change
the reputation of product quality
the ability for developing new products
Total
Strategic Benefit
the ability for batch production in any lot size
Benefit
the improvement of company fame
the art of business decision making
the improvement of working conditions
the staff’s corporate understanding to enhance the
condensation of the enterprise
Other Benefit
the demonstration role to other enterprises
helpfulness in international cooperation
2018/12/2

32. The Modeling Procedure
1.Build IDEF0 models for function view of SLA.
2.Build the corresponding model hierarchy.
3.Define the cost drivers for all the processes and activities.
4.Assign the cost values to all the processes and activities.
5.Verify and validate the accuracy of the cost models.
2018/12/2

33. The application of modeling methods in Chinese CIM area
Most of the companies that have been or is implementing CIM have established their own IDEF0 model, but maybe more than half didn’t understand its usage.
Most of those companies have their own Information model(IDEF1x, E/R, or O-O) for designing shared database.
Very few of then have applied other modeling method.
2018/12/2

34. Justification Criteria in China
Most of the companies do pre-evaluation based on estimation of tangible benefits.
Some experts prefer to use T,Q, C, S to do evaluation.
In my suggestion for critical successful factors(CSF) in China, T, Q, C, F(flexibility) and A(ability for competition) are chosen.
2018/12/2

35. 2018/12/2

36. Evaluation Method
Financial effect evaluation of CIM project based on the analysis of the company’s competitive advantage.
Composite benefit evaluation of CIM project based on the analysis of the company’s Critical Success Factors.
2018/12/2

37. Rate of Return On Total Assets Before Interest and Taxes(ROABIT)
2018/12/2

38. 1. General Introduction of CIM Implementation in China
2. Application of system architecture and modeling methods in Chinese industries
3. The viewpoint about Economic View and Justification Criteria
4. Suggestions on further application of GERAM
2018/12/2

39. 4. Suggestions on further application of GERAM
Consider simplification.
Any science and technology would undergo the procedure of “simplecomplexfurther simplifiedmore complex”
Emphasize the economic analysis
Concretize the problem solving procedure of human and organization sub-architecture
2018/12/2