1. Chapter 8, Section 3
The Crusades

2. The Crusades
In 1050, Seljuk Turks from Central Asia migrated to the Middle East and converted to Islam. By 1071, they overran most of Turkey
They spread to the Holy Land, Jerusalem, and prevented Christians from pilgrimaging there
Byzantine Emperor Seeks Help From Pope Urban II to fight them off
Council of Clermont 1095
Pope Urban II makes the call to Europe’s noblemen to regain the Holy Land from Muslims

3. The Crusades cont.
The first crusade was the only successful one. In 1099, Christian knights finally captured Jerusalem
Off and on for 200 years, various Crusades continued
They would capture land, be fought off by Muslims, capture the land back and repeat
In 1187, Jerusalem finally fell to the Muslims and despite negotiations would not agree to let Christians back in
Meanwhile in Spain, the Inquisition converts Muslims to Christianity, or burns them at the stake

4. Impact of The Crusades Religious Tension Between Christians & Muslims
European Economies Expand thanks to trade
Cloth, spices, and other goods are bought to Europe
Why are spices and cloth so exciting?
Increased Desire To Explore
Marco Polo Goes To China 1271
Some don’t believe him
Mail service and coal?!