1. Do Now What do plants need in order to survive?
What organism do you think plants evolved from? (Hint: think about plant-like organisms that we’ve learned about already)
Write 5 facts you currently know about plants

2. Plant Evolution and Diversity

3. Review Are plants…. Alive or not alive? Able to move or stationary?
Unicellular or multicellular?
Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?
Autotrophic or Heterotrophic?
Contain cell walls or no cell walls?

4. What is a plant?
Plants are multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls made of cellulose. They develop from multicellular embryos and carry out photosynthesis using green chlorophyll pigments located in their chloroplasts.

5. What do plants need to survive?
Sunlight
Water and minerals
Gas exchange
Movement of water and nutrients
What gas specifically? What does it need this gas for? Co2  sugars
Why do we need plants? Oxygen, source of energy for the rest of the food pyramid

6. Plant Life Cycle Plants mainly reproduce by sexual reproduction
ALL plants have two alternating phases of life – one is called the sporophyte phase and the other is called the gametophyte phase.
Sporophyte – spore producing plant
**In plants, meiosis results in the
production of spores, not gametes!
Gametophyte – gamete producing cell

8. Alternation of generations

9. Where did plants evolve from?
GREEN ALGAE
Green algae are multicellular, photosynthetic, plantlike protists. Green algae have cell walls and have size, color, appearance of plants.
Green algae is not in the plant kingdom because they don’t have true roots, stems, or leaves.

10. Earliest plants – Seedless Nonvascular Plants
Nonvascular Plants are plants that depend on water for reproduction. They lack tissues that can move water, so they can only draw up water by osmosis a few centimeters above the ground.
Mosses
Liverworts
Hornworts

11. Seedless vascular plants
Vascular plants – plants that have a transport system with vascular tissue, which is specialized to conduct water throughout the plant
Ferns
Club mosses
Horsetails
Have true roots, stems, and leaves

12. Roots, stems, leaves Roots – absorb water and nutrients
Stems – provide support and water transport
Leaves – absorb sunlight, site of photosynthesis

13. Transport of water and nutrients in Vascular Plants
2 Types of Vascular Tissues
XYLEM - carries water
PHLOEM – carries sugars and nutrients
Talk about plant circulatory system – xylem and phloem allow plants to grow taller
Why are humans not able to be 8+ feet tall – heard can’t circulate blood all over big body
Every cell in the plant needs sugars – phloem brings it

14. Seed plants – Gymnosperms & Angiosperms
Can reproduce without water
Adaptations that allow seed plants to reproduce without water include flowers or cones, the transfer of sperm by pollination, and the protection of embryos in seeds.

15. Seed plants - Gymnosperms
Gymnosperms – Cone-bearing plants
Cones are the seed-bearing structures of gymnosperms
Ex: conifers

16. Seed plants - Angiosperms
Angiosperms – Flowering plants
Flowers are the seed-bearing structures of angiosperms
Ex - Fruits

17. x x x x x x x Vascular Tissue Seeds Flowers Cones Mosses Ferns
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms x x x x x x x