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IUU Fishing: A Gateway to Transnational Crimes in Jamaica

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Presentation on theme: "IUU Fishing: A Gateway to Transnational Crimes in Jamaica"— Presentation transcript:

1 IUU Fishing: A Gateway to Transnational Crimes in Jamaica
Lt Cdr Judy-Ann Neil FishCrime 2018 Symposium UN City, Copenhagen 15 October 2018

2 Overview Impacts of IUU Fishing in Jamaica Trends in Fisheries
Introduction Impacts of IUU Fishing in Jamaica Trends in Fisheries Fishing Fleet & Fishers Evidence of Maritime Drugs & Arms Trafficking The Way Forward Conclusion

3 Introduction

4 Introduction Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing - Fishing in contravention of national, regional and international laws - Misreporting or non-reporting of information on fishing - Fishing by stateless vessels - Fishing by vessels not party to or in contravention of RFMO - Fishing in areas or for fish stock where there is no conservation or management measures (FAO, 2011)

5 Introduction IUU Fishing
one of main threats to fisheries resources in Caribbean Not just an ecological problem Threat to economic and food security of Jamaica Major factor for economic vulnerability of fishers

6 IUU Fishing in Jamaica Who ? Primarily by domestic artisanal fishers
- ‘Overlook’ need for licence - Nearshore Greatest impact from foreign industrial fishers - Size of vessel and crew - Volume of fisheries resources - Lobster, conch, sea cucumbers

7 Pedro Bank Source: Data Unit, Natural Resources Conservation Authority.

8 Impacts of IUU Fishing in Jamaica

9 Impacts of IUU Fishing on Jamaica
Environmental Impacts - Destructive fishing practices - Destruction of habitats - Overfishing of high value species - Reduction in fish stock Food Security Socio-Economic - Tax Revenues - Tourism - Non-lucrative career

10 Trends in Fisheries in Jamaica

11 Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture and Fisheries, 2018.

12 Shrimp industry collapsed
23% decline in conch 287% increase in lobster Shrimp industry collapsed 23% Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture and Fisheries, 2018.

13 Competition from cheaper imported fish Rising energy costs
Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture and Fisheries, 2018. Reasons Competition from cheaper imported fish Rising energy costs Scarcity of red tilapia seed stock

14 - dependency of imported seafood
Food security issue - dependency of imported seafood - Local fishers vs international markets Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture and Fisheries, 2018.

15 6% decrease in value of marine fish
88% decrease in value of aquaculture Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture and Fisheries, 2018.

16 Fishing Fleet & Fishers in Jamaica

17 40% increase in registered fishers
Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture and Fisheries, 2018.

18 73% increase in registered vessels
Source: Fisheries Division, Ministry of Industry, Commerce, Agriculture and Fisheries, 2018.

19 Evidence of Transnational crimes

20 Web of trafficking around jamaica

21 Jamaican Connection – Foreign IUU Fishers vs Traffickers
Drugs & Arms Traffickers Honduras Costa Rica Nicaragua Dominica Republic Honduras Costa Rica Nicaragua Guyana Colombia Haiti

22 Drugs & Arms Trafficking
IUU Fishing

23 The gateway IUU Fishing  fishing no longer lucrative  Transnational crimes

24 Key indicators - transition from fishing to transnational crimes
IUU fishing from national and international fleets Dwindling fish stock, collapse of shrimp industry and fledgling aquaculture industry International competition from imported seafood reduction in value of fish

25 Key indicators - transition from fishing to transnational crimes
Increasing number of fishers & fishing vessels Lack of deterrence – inadequate penalties Inadequate Monitor, control & surveillance (MCS) and Maritime Law Enforcement (MLE) Operations Some fishers and boat operators lured into drugs and arms trafficking

26 The way forward

27 Short Term Government of Jamaica should accede and ratify the PSMA
Diversification training programs for fishers and vulnerable youths Increased MCS & MLE operations on Pedro Banks and maritime trafficking routes Public awareness programs on the impacts of IUU fishing & links to transnational crimes

28 LONG Term Full Implementation of regional instruments
Revitalize the fledgling aquaculture industry Increased fines & penalties for fishers and boat operators engaged in transnational crimes Stricter fines and penalties for large- scale IUU fishing Mandatory forfeiture of vessels engaged in large-scale IUU fishing

29 Conclusion Fishers and boat operators are being targeted by criminals
IUU fishing is a gateway to drugs and arms trafficking in Jamaica Socio-economic programs required to deter fishers from transnational crimes Greater regional co-operation is needed to deter IUU fishing and maritime transnational crimes

30 QUESTIONS

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