1. NOVA MANUAL TRAINING ELEVATOR/ESCALATOR Issued June 2008
PRINCE WILLIAM COUNTY
NOVA MANUAL TRAINING
ELEVATOR/ESCALATOR
Issued June 2008

2. Background Have been around since 3rd Century
“Modern” types powered by water, steam, human or animal since 1800s
Widespread use in 1853 with safety brake invented by Elisha Graves
His invention would make skyscrapers a practical reality

3. Overview An elevator is a platform capable of moving vertically
An escalator is basically a moving stairway
This manual will review features of elevators and escalators

4. Elevator Components Mechanical Room Power Supply, Main and Auxiliary
Hydraulic Pump and Reservoir
Electric Motors
Controller
Rule of Thumb Over 60 ft Electric under 60 ft Hydraulic

5. Elevator Components Shafts/Hoistway
Totally Enclosed (Masonry Or Drywall)
2 Hour Fire Rated
Three Or More Require Separate Hoistways
Vented
Cars Constructed On Site

6. Elevator Components Base or Pit
Buffers designed to absorb energy of falling car
Are either oil filled or spring type

7. Electric Traction Overview Usually Found In Buildings Over 60 feet
Cable System Powered By An Electric Traction Type Motor
Code Requires Minimum Of Three ½ inch Cables With A Breaking Strength Of 14,500 Lbs Each
Usually 6-8 cables

8. Hydraulic Types
Roped
Holed
Holeless

9. New Electric Type Otis Gen2
Uses Belts Instead Of Cables
Motor is at top of shaft, no machine room

10. Car Doors Car Doors Two Speed
Two Piece Door That Is Off Set And Opens In Same Direction

11. Car Doors Car Doors Center Opening
Two Piece Door That Opens In Opposite Directions
Found In Larger Capacity Elevators

12. Car Doors Car Doors Swing Doors
Usually Found In Older Or Private Systems
Open Just Like A Swinging Door

13. Car Doors Car Doors Bi-Fold Doors Typical On Freight Elevators
Two Part Door That Opens Up And Down

14. Sequence of actions Have Bldg Official Contact Elevator Repair Service
Locate stalled car
Communicate with occupants
Attempt with power on
Shut down power
Access Hoistway
Access Car
Assist Occupants
Secure Scene, NEVER RESTORE POWER OR REPAIR UNSAFE ELEVATORS

15. Non-Emergency Locate Car
Check indicator in lobby
Check indicator in fire control room
Use communication system to make contact
Use adjacent car and stop at each level
Start at top and walk down each level calling through hoistway doors
Shut down power and open hoistway door
Traction look for counter weights
Check level of hydraulic fluid
Controller in machine room may have indicator

16. Non-Emergency Power On
Common Electric Faults
Faulty interlocks on doors
Blown Fuses
Shorted Cables
Open Switches
Breaks on circuits

17. Non-Emergency Power On
Press Lobby Call Button
Instruct Occupants To Press and Pull Emergency Call Button Several Times
Instruct Occupants To press Door Open and Floor button
Place a piece of cardboard between hoistway doors to break photo beam
Have Occupants push inter doors together
Activate FF Phase 1 Service

18. Power Off Procedures Lock Out Tag Out Main Power Source
Open Hoistway Doors By Least Destructive Means

19. Opening Hoistway Outer Door
Elevator Pick Tool
Takes Practice, Mostly Trial and Error
Cannot Be Used On Modern Doors Due To Guard
CAUTION Do Not Extend Past Door Edge You May Be Shocked
Glass Panel
Remove Panel
Reach In And Release Lock
POWER MUST BE OFF TO DO THIS OR RISK LOSING ARM

20. Power Off Procedures Polling
If No Key Hole On Floor Must Poll Up, Down Or Across
Requires A Polling Tool
Easier To Pole Down Or Across
Safety Is A Must

21. Power Off Procedures Hoistway Door Keys Drop Key Most Common
T and Lunar can also be found
Where are keys kept?

22. Power Off Procedures Lowering Hydraulic Cars
Open Hoistway Door on Landing below
Radio Equipment member in Machine room starts to turn T screw on Metering Device Slowly
Stop when cars is at Landing

23. Emergency Operations Car Top Service Controls
ONLY TO BE USED BY EXPERIENCED PERSONNEL
Power Must be On
Usually Requires a Service Key To Activate
Buttons are Deadman, Must be held down to operate
Car will move at extremely slow speed
If Traction Elevator watch out for counter weights

24. Emergency Operations Forcing Entry Only As LAST RESULT
Will be costly to repair
Cannot Secure Door afterward
Force at highest most point on leading edge of door.

25. Emergency Operations Escape Hatch Top Only Opened from Top
Usually Will Have A Shut Device Attached
Must Clear Out Decorative Ceiling Once Opened
Will need a ladder to remove occupants
Side
Dangerous Procedure
Need a platform to reach both cars
Lifelines on anyone crossing
Code now requires they be bolted shut from outside

26. Fire Operations The Pits Most Likely Location Of A Fire
Caution Around Counter Weights Or Hydraulics
Use Emergency Shutoff When Entering
Buffer Springs

27. Fire Operations Fire in car uncommon
Will need to use stairs, caution most stairways are close to elevator shaft
Check all floors for extension
Do not get into car, may be weakened by fire and collapse

28. Fireman’s Service Phase 2 Used To Control Car
Requires Same Key As Phase 1
Older Systems Have Two Positions
Newer Have Three

29. Fireman’s Service Phase 2 Older Cars
On: Must Use Door Closed And Door Open Buttons To Work Doors And Select Floor
Off: Will Return To Phase 1 Service, Elevator Will Recall To Primary Floor

30. Fireman’s Service Phase 2 Newer Cars
Off: Normal Service Or Phase 1 If In Alarm
On: Manual Service Like Older System
Hold: Allows You To Remove Key And Hold Key At Landing

31. Use During Firefighting Activities
Fireman’s Service
Use During Firefighting Activities
Assign Operator With SCBA ,Forcible Entry Tools And Radio
Check Shaftway For Smoke And Water, If Present, Don’t Use
Stop Two Floors Below Fire Floor And Stop Frequently On Way Up To Assure Control

32. Fireman’s Service Phase 1 Switch By Door On Primary Floor
Tied Into Fire Alarm System
Recalls Elevator(s) To Primary Floor Upon Smoke/Fire Alarm Activation
Secondary Floor If Alarm Is At Primary Or Pit

33. Fireman’s Service Phase 1 Newer Systems Can Bypass Alarm
Will Require A Key, Do You Know Where It Is
Off: Normal Service
On: Recall, If Not Already And Open Doors
Bypass: Restores Service, Regardless Of Alarm Status

34. Escalator Emergencies
Can be vertical or horizontal
Emergencies are rare, usually finger or clothing entrapments

35. Escalator Emergencies
Usually located at bottom
Newer will have top and bottom
Will only stop the stairs, to remove power to motor must access the motor under cover at top of stairs

36. Escalator Emergencies
Entrapment mostly at top or bottom
Remove Power
Remove top or bottom landing plate by removing screws
Last resort hit step, it is cast metal and should break with impact.

37. Important
Elevators and Escalators are dangerous when rescues are attempted by well meaning personnel.
This presentation is not a substitute for a hands on training class!!!
Call for assistance!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!