1. THE TYCOONS OF BIG BUSINESS

2. HORIZONTAL INTEGRATION
OIL COMPANY a + OIL COMPANY B + GAS COMPANY C
COMBINING MANY FIRMS ENGAGED IN THE SAME TYPE OF BUSINESS

3. VERTICAL INTEGRATION CONTROLLING THE DIFFERENT BUSINESSES
ON WHICH A COMPANY DEPENDS FOR ITS
OPERATION
IRON ORE FIELDS +
LIMESTONE
QUARRIES
COAL
MINES

4. MONOPOLY WHEN A COMPANY ACHIEVES TOTAL CONTROL OF THE MARKET
POSITIVE: LOWER PRICES
NEGATIVE: NO COMPETITORS
CAN CHARGE WHATEVER IT WANTS

5. CONSOLIDATION PRODUCED EMPLOYEES HAD POOR WORKING
CORNELIUS VANDERBILT
POSTIVES:
MADE RAILROADS
MORE EFFICIENT
MADE SHIPPING
CHEAPER
NEGATIVES:
CONSOLIDATION PRODUCED
A MONOPOLY
EMPLOYEES HAD POOR WORKING
CONDITIONS

6. FOUNDED STANFORD UNIVERSITY AND BECAME WEALTHY AS A RAILROAD
LELAND STANFORD
FOUNDED STANFORD UNIVERSITY
AND BECAME WEALTHY AS A RAILROAD
INVESTOR

7. JAMES J. HILL ACCEPTED NO LAND GRANTS OFFERED LOW FARES FOR
HOMESTEADERS
OPERATED GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY, THE MOST SUCCESSFUL
COMPANY

8. JAY GOULD BRIBED GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS MANIPULATED STOCK BY INSIDER
TRADING
CHEATED ON CONTRACTS AND DEBTS

9. JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER DIRECTOR OF STANDARD OIL COMPANY
CONTROLLED OVER 90% OF OIL
REFINERIES
BECAME HEAD OF A POWERFUL
MONOPOLY

10. ANDREW CARNEGIE BEGAN AS A TEXTILE MILL WORKER
BROUGHT THE BESSEMER STEEL PROCESS TO THE
UNITED STATESAND LOWERED THE PRICE FOR MAKING STEEL
DONATED MONEY FOR CHARITIES, SUCH AS LIBRARIES
AND CONCERT HALLS