1. Comparison of Arteries, Veins and Capillaries and the Lymphatic System

2. Arteries, Veins and Capillaries
S=Arteries & veins have same three layers
D=artery layers thicker
D=Capillaries have one layer
D=Arteries have small cavity (lumen) vs large in veins
D=Capillaries - small enough one cell can pass through
D=Arterial moves thru pressure
D=Venous gets help from muscle movement
S=All carry blood cells
S=all are flexible
S=All have lumen inside (space)

3. Arteries, Veins and Capillaries
D=Veins have valves arteries do not
D=Veins take blood to heart, arteries away
D=Main function of capillaries is exchange
D=Pressure is greater in arteries
D=All arteries contain oxygenated blood except for pulmonary

4. Valves in Veins

5. Arteries, Veins and Capillaries (cont)
D=All veins carry deoxygenated blood except for pulmonary
D=Veins are closer to the surface and arteries are deep
D=Capillaries are found everywhere

6. Lymphatic Vs. Cardiovascular
S=Both Circulate Fluid
D=Same fluid, but called plasma in CV & Lymph in lymphatic
S=Vessels have same 3 layers
D=Lymphatic vessels have anchors

7. Lymphatic Capillaries Anchors

8. Lymphatic Vs. Cardiovascular
S=Lymphatic capillaries closely associated with blood capillaries
D=lymphatic vessels thinner than arteries
S=Veins and Lymphatic vessels have valves
D=Arterial fluid moves with arterial pressure
S=lymphatic & venous fluid move with help from muscles

9. Lymphatic Vs. Cardiovascular
D=Lymph empties into Superior Vena Cava
from R & L subclavian veins
S=Fluid goes in one direction
D=lymph moves slower
S=Both transport D=Transport different substances
S=Both have capillaries
D=Lymphatic more numerous

10. Tonsils 5 tonsils 1 Pharyngeal (adenoid) 2 Palatine 2 Lingual 1 2 2
Contain lymphocytes
M.A.L.T. ORGAN
5 tonsils
1 Pharyngeal (adenoid)
2 Palatine
2 Lingual 1 2 2

11. Spleen Largest Lymph organ Filter Blood - fight infection7
Spleen
Largest Lymph organ
Filter Blood - fight infection
Blood reservoir
Recycles red blood cell parts

12. Thymus Gets smaller with age Located posterior to sternum
Helps mature T-Lymphocytes

13. Lymph Nodes small oval masses of lymphoid tissue Mostly lymphocytes
concentrated in the neck, armpit, groin, and abdominal cavity

14. Lymph Nodes Flow one direction nodes filter lymph
afferent vessels lead in
efferent vessels exit at hilus
nodes filter lymph

15. Bone Marrow: Lymphopoiesis

16. Lymphatic Capillaries
Where fluid enters lymphatic circulation
Located by blood capillaries

17. Movement of Lymph flows by pressure gradients
moves toward heart skeletal muscle action and respiratory muscle pumps
assisted by one way valves

18. Antigens Vs. Antibodies
Antigens are foreign particles that enter the body
Antibodies are proteins (B cells) that target antigens for destruction

19. T Cells Different T Cell Lines: -Cytoxic--Killer T Cells
- Helper T Cells
- Memory T Cells
-Suppressor T Cells

20. B Cells Different B Cell Lines: Plasma Cells = antibodies
Target cells and help fight by neutralization,agglutination,activating complement, atract WBC, enhance phagocytosis, inflammation
Memory B Cells—Antibodies from previous infection

21. Immunity Acquired natural: exposed and produces antibodies
Induced active: given the vaccination (artificial)
Passive natural immunity-- can be passing of antibodies from the mother to fetus and the mother to baby as she breastfeeds
Induced passive—given antibodies

22. End

23. Lymph Trunks & Ducts

24. Lymphatic Vessels & Circulation

25. Lymphatic System vs. Cadiovascular

26. Lymphatic Vessels & Circulation
Capillaries that begin as closed-ended tubes found in spaces between cells
Combine to form lymphatic vessels
resemble veins with thin walls & more valves
Fluid flows through lymph nodes towards large veins above the heart

27. Lymphatic System

28. Lymphatic Organs

29. Lymphatic organs

30. Lymphatic organs, cont

31. Antigen Vs. Antibody, Cell-Mediated vs Antibody, Natural and Acquired Immmunity

32. T cells Directly attack antigens and antigen infected cells
Cytotoxic T-Cells—Ingest antigens or poison them. (aka Killer T-cells)
Helper T-Cells
Release a variety of chemicals which help to coordinate specific and nonspecific defenses,

33. T cells
Memory T-Cells
Store a code of the antigen which may be used if the antigen appears a second time. Change to killer cells if antigens appears a second time.
Suppressor T-Cells
Stop the responses of the T-cells and the B-cells when the level of the antigen has decreased.

34. B cells
Plasma cells, sometimes referred to as B-plasma cells, make and secrete large numbers of antibodies that will fight against antigens
Memory B-cells help in the response to a second exposure to the same antigens

35. Antigens vs. Antibodies
Antibodies are globular proteins produced by B-plasma cells that bind to antigens