1. 8th Grade Social Studies Central Middle School
The Civil War
8th Grade Social Studies
Central Middle School

2. Topics
Differences Between the North and South
Causes of the Civil War
The Civil War

3. Differences Between the North and South
The Industrial North
The Northern section of the United States developed a more industrial economy due to the emergence of railroads, canals, the telegraph and factories
During this time period
immigration also
increased and many
immigrants settled in the
urban areas of the north
to work in the factories

4. Differences Between the North and South
The Agricultural South
Due to the warm climate and fertile land, cotton became the leading crop of the south and the center of it’s industry
The development of the Cotton Gin increased productivity and demand
Due to the farming economy, the south remained mostly rural and did not develop the transportation and technology of the North
People of the South began to put their money into the land and slaves and depended on the factories of the North for their goods

5. The Cotton Gin

6. Differences Between the North and South
The Agricultural South
Mostly consisted of small farms
Only 4% of plantation owners had 20 slaves or more
Some free African Americans owned slaves
These were often family members that were purchased to be freed
Many slaves in the South led a rough life and began to develop a culture all their own

8. Causes of the Civil War
Issue of Slavery: North is against, South is for
Missouri Compromise – 1820
Missouri enters Union as a slave state, Maine as a free state
Missouri Compromise Line
Compromise of 1850
California enters as free state, territory acquired from Mexico may have slavery
Kansas – Nebraska Act of 1854
Created Kansas and Nebraska Territories
Slavery Based on Popular Sovereignty
Bleeding Kansas

10. Causes of the Civil War Dred Scott Decision of 1857 Election of 1860
Supreme Court decided slaves were considered “property” and congress
did not have the right to stop the
spread of slavery
Election of 1860
Anti-Slavery Abraham Lincoln wins
the Presidential Election
Secession
South Carolina left the Union first, followed by 10 other states to form the Confederate States of America and elect Jefferson Davis as their President

12. The Civil War Attack at Ft. Sumter – April 12, 1861
Started the Civil War when Confederate troops attacked a Union fort
Union General – Ulysses S. Grant
Confederate General – Robert E. Lee
New Technology – Ironclad Warship

13. The Civil War Some Major Battles:
Battle of Bull Run – July 21, 1861: Confederate victory
Battle of Antietam – September 17, 1862: single bloodiest day, no clear winner
Battle of Vicksburg – May 18-July : Union victory
Battle of Gettysburg – July : Union victory, after Lincoln gave Gettysburg Address, very famous!!

14. The Civil War
Emancipation Proclamation – Signed by Abraham Lincoln, freed all slaves
Many African Americans fought in the war

15. The Civil War
Many medical advancements including the beginning of amputations
Women played a part in the war such as nurses and running of households while husbands were fighting
General Lee surrenders to General Grant at Appomattox Courthouse on April 9, 1865, ending the Civil War
Lincoln assassinated 5 days later on April 14th by John Wilkes Booth

16. The End!