1. DNA Fingerprinting of Garlic Accessions
Workpackage 1: Genetic Resources
DNA Fingerprinting of Garlic Accessions
Ria Vrielink
Chris Kik
Sjaak van Heusden

2. Screening for genetic variation
Method:
AFLP-fingerprinting ( "fast and indicative")
Standard: Maass and Klaas dendrogram
Theor Appl Genet (1995) 91:89-97
Question:
How representative is our garlic collection for the whole gene pool of garlic?

3. Group Number Origin Ia 2 Georgia/Caucasus
Ic 3 Slovakia/Georgia/Caucasus
IIa 2 Korea/China
IIb 3 Yugoslavia/Romenia
IIc 6 Slovakia/Georgia/Caucasus/Italy/Korea
IId 3 Georgia/Caucasus
III 6 Romenia/Georgia/Caucasus/USA/Australia
IVb 3 Korea/Japan
IVe 2 China/Kazakstan

4. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP)
Many markers possible
Reliable
No prior sequence knowledge necessary
Genome wide distribution

5. Garlic groups
III
I and IV
IIa,b; IIc,d V

6. One AFLP enzymeprimer combination
97076
97078
99005
99006
99007
99008
99066
99067
99068
99069
97015
Result: 20 informative differences

7. Garlic accessions to be analyzed
From collection Gatersleben 139 accessions
for comparison with Maass and Klaas
some new accessions in garlic collection
Own G&H collection of 84 accessions
R. Kamenetsky, H.D. Rabinowitch, L. van Soest and others

8. 1997 Garlic Accessions II c,d No accesions II a,b 3 accesions I a,b,c
Outgroup
All143
All649
All782
All793
All804
All827
All839
All853
All936
All854
All816
All812
All808
All655
97355
97068
All822
97066
All820
97080
97073
All784
97065
All792
97360
97357
97356
97354
97353
97015
97078
97076
97081
Tax452
All908
All785
All766
97086
97085
97087
97084
97083
97089
97088
97092
97091
All129
97072
97071
97070
97069
97067
All877
97082
97075
All787
All902
All901
All845
All842
All652
II c,d
No accesions
II a,b
3 accesions
I a,b,c
5 accesions
2 in “core”
4 accesions
2 in “core”
IV b
IV a,b,c,d
11 accesions
2 in “core”
III

9. III I and IV II a,b; II c,d V 1997 accessions 6/14 3
6/14 3
II a,b; II c,d V
Unclear: 6 accessions

10. III I and IV II a,b; II c,d V 1999 accessions 1 10/3 10
Unclear: 5 accessions

11. III I and IV II a,b; II c,d V 2000 accessions 5/5 14
5/5 14
II a,b; II c,d V
Unclear: 2 accessions

12. 26 accessions representing the complete variation in the collection.
97356, 99069, 97073, 99078, 99081, 20007, 20027
I a,b,c
97068, 99067, 99071, 20005, 20008, 20025
II a,b
99005
(American Early II)
II c,d
99008
III
99074, 97015, 97081
IV b,c,e
97069, 97080, 97085, 97089, 97091
IV ?
99006
(Morado III), 99073, 20022 ??

13. Conclusions AFLP-fingerprinting good method to minimize the collection
duplications out
very closely related accessions out
No accessions in subtropical group and only one in ophioscrodon group

14. Future plans
Comparison new accessions with the core collection until now
Other determinations on core collection