1. STUDY GUIDE FOR INRW 0410
Grisel Cano

2. PARAGRAPHS Topic Sentence
Every paragraph should include a topic sentence that identifies the main idea of the paragraph. A topic sentence also states the point the writer wishes to make about that subject. Generally, the topic sentence appears at the beginning of the paragraph.
OWL Purdue

3. ESSAY PARTS
Introduction: General introductory sentence Focus Background information on topic, such as definition, statistics, or history (choose one) Thesis: Point you are making with parts to be explained Body paragraphs: first, second, third explanations (details) with proof (facts, logic, or case studies.) Conclusion: Summing up of your major findings. No new information is provided, no facts.

4. THESIS
It is a complete sentence that expresses the main topic and it has a controlling idea or opinion.
A thesis does not contain supporting details or facts (numbers, percentages, etc) since it is an opinion.

5. READING RESPONSE Subject: general theme
Type: essay, article, book, etc.
Role (of the writer): author, amateur writer, etc.
Audience: specialized public (students, doctors, etc.), general public, children
Purpose: entertain, inform, persuade

6. TONE
The way the author expresses his/her attitude, mood, or feeling through writing. “Tone is expressed by your use of syntax, your point of view, your diction, and the level of formality in your writing.”
Type of tone: joyful, serious, humorous, sad, threatening, formal, informal, pessimistic and optimistic.

7. TOOLS FOR ORGANIZING INFORMATION FOR WRITING
Free writing: write everything that comes to mind on a subject after brainstorming.
Charts
Graphs
Outlines

8. STRATEGIES FOR UNDERSTANDING READING
Previewing: look at title and table of contents, look at headings and subheadings, look at highlighted material.
Highlighting important information, such as topic, definitions, statistics
Annotating: marking, highlighting, and taking notes while you read
Learning new vocabulary: look up words in the dictionary; look for context clues to understanding the meaning.
Making an outline
Making a chart or graph

9. TITLE OF A PASSAGE
Many times relates to the topic

10. PATTERNS OF ORGANIZATION
Narrative: short stories, autobiographies
Expository texts:
comparison/contrast
illustration with examples
definition
process analysis
Argument/persuasion essay

11. INFERENCES
a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning, which involve making connections
with prior knowledge.
synonyms:
deduction, conclusion, reasoning, conjecture, speculation, guess, presumption, assumption, supposition, reckoning, extrapolation“
For example: There should be no inference drawn from the fact that he chooses not to be a witness"

12. FACTS VS OPINION
Fact: a piece of information used as evidence, which can be verified
Opinion: A view or belief about something, which may be correct or not.