1. Get INSPIRED!!!!!
Discuss reflection questions for CGA 2 Data

2. STANDARD
SC.912.L Describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the human reproductive system. Describe the process of human development from fertilization to birth and major changes that occur in each trimester of pregnancy. (Moderate)

3. The reproductive system
The reproductive system is a collection of specialized organs, glands, and hormones that help produce a new human being.
Females and males reach sexuality maturity, or the ability to produce offspring, only after puberty.

4. KEY CONCEPT Female and male reproductive organs fully develop during puberty.

5. Puberty marks the time in your life when your hypothalamus and your pituitary gland release hormones.
Follicle stimulating hormones (FSH) and luteinizing hormones(LH)

6. The female reproductive system produces ova.
There are two main functions of the female reproductive system.
produce ova, or egg cells
provide a place where a zygote develops
uterus
cervix
rectum
vagina
urethra
urinary bladder
pubic bone
ovary
fallopian
tube

7. The female reproductive system produces ova.
Females have all of their reproductive organs inside their bodies.
It helps to protect a fertilized egg while it develops.

8. The female reproductive system produces ova.
The egg cells are produced in the ovaries.
The ovaries are paired organs located on either side of the uterus, or womb.
When a female baby is born, she has all of her eggs.

9. FSH and LH stimulate the release of Estrogen
Estrogen has three main functions:
develop female sexual characteristics
Ex: widening the pelvis, increasing fat deposits and bone mass, and enlarging the breasts.
develop eggs
prepare uterus for pregnancy and maintain a pregnancy when it occurs

10. Female reproductive
When the egg cell matures each month, it is released from an ovary and enters the fallopian tube.
An egg takes several days to travel through the fallopian tube, during that time it can be fertilized by sperm that enters the tube.
When the egg is fertilized it will attach to the wall of the uterus, if it is unfertilized it will eventually be broken down and discarded.

11. Female Reproductive
The uterus is made up of 3 layers
A thin inner layer of epithelial cells
A thick middle layer of muscle
An outer layer of connective tissue
The lower end is called the cervix, which opens to the vagina.
During a normal birth, a baby is pushed down the canal of the vagina to exit the mothers body.

13. The male reproductive system produces sperm.
There are two main functions of the male reproductive system.
produce sperm cells
deliver sperm to the female reproductive system
urinary bladder
vas deferens
pubic bone
prostate gland
penis
urethra
testis
scrotum
epididymis
bulbourethral
gland
rectum
seminal vesicle

14. The male reproductive system produces sperm.
Males do not produce sperm until after they reach puberty
Sperm production takes place in the testicles, or testes
Each testis contains hundreds of tiny tubules where millions of sperm cells are produced.

15. LH stimulates the release of testosterone
Testosterone has two main functions.
Controls developing male sexual characteristics
Ex: deeper voice, more body hair, greater bone density, increased muscle mass
producing sperm

16. Male Reproductive
The testes are enclosed in a pouch called the scrotum which hangs below the pelvis outside the body.
It is 2-3 degrees cooler then the core body temperature
Sperm cannot develop if the temperature is too high
When the sperm leaves the testes, they travel through a duct to a long coiled tube known as the epididymus.
Sperm matures there and remains until expelled
During sexual stimulation, the sperm travel into another long duct called the vas deferens

17. Male Reproductive
Secondary sex glands secrete fluids into the vas deferens to nourish and protect the sperm.
The prostate gland produces a fluid that helps sperm move more easily.
The bulbourethral gland and the seminal vesicle secrete basic fluids that help neutralize the acidity in the urethra and in the females vagina.
The fluids from all 3 glands plus sperm form semen.
Semen moves from the vas deferens into the urethra and ejects it from the penis.

18. KEY CONCEPT Development progresses in stages from zygote to fetus.

19. The zygote becomes a blastocyst and implants in the uterus.
The fertilized egg implants into the uterus and is nourished by the placenta and umbilical cord.
The zygote becomes a blastocyst and implants in the uterus.
ectoderm develops into skin and nervous system
mesoderm develops into Internal tissues and organs
endoderm develops into digestive organs and their lining
blastocyst
uterine wall
Implantation of blastocyst

20. The blastocyst becomes an embryo.
Embryonic membranes protect and nourish the embryo.
amniotic sac cushions embryo.
placenta connects mother and embryo.
umbilical cord connects embryo to placenta.
placenta
umbilical cord
uterus
amniotic sac

21. Fetal Development
Copy down the questions and answer as you are watching the video.
What are the three germ layers formed in gastrulation?
Which layer is the urethra and vagina formed?
Do stem cells give rise to cells of extra embryonic membranes?
What is developed by the first month of pregnancy in the fetus?
When do the rest of the organ systems develop with the exception of the limbs and digits?
What features can be seen by month 6 of a fetus?

22. A zygote develops into a fully formed fetus in about 38 weeks.
Human pregnancies are divided into trimesters.
1st trimester: body plan and early development

23. 2nd trimester: fetus more active, developed

24. 3rd trimester: all organs fully formed
After about 38 weeks, fetus is ready to be born.

25. The mother affects the fetus, and pregnancy affects the mother.
The fetus depends on the mother for all its nutrition.
mother's diet must support fetal health
mother must avoid toxic chemicals

26. The mother’s health is affected by pregnancy in a number of ways.
increase in Calories and body weight
pregnancy hormones affecting homeostasis
regular medical checkups needed