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Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?

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Presentation on theme: "Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?"— Presentation transcript:

1 Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

2 Where the Ocean Meets the Land
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? Where the Ocean Meets the Land Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

3 Where the Ocean Meets the Land
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? Where the Ocean Meets the Land The Intertidal Zone The intertidal zone is the area between the high- and low-tide lines. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

4 Where the Ocean Meets the Land
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? Where the Ocean Meets the Land The Intertidal Zone At high tide, the area is completely under water, while at low tide, the area is exposed to air. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

5 Intertidal habitats depend on land features at the shore.
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Intertidal Zone Intertidal habitats depend on land features at the shore. For instance, low parts of rocky cliffs might have plants that can survive out of water during low tide. Sandy beaches hide crabs and clams that burrow under sand to await the rising tide. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

6 Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
The Intertidal Zone Tide pools may contain crabs, small shrimp, sea anemones, sea stars, sea cucumbers, snails, and a variety of small plants. These organisms are sheltered from large fish at high tide because of crashing waves, but are in danger of being eaten by birds at low tide. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

7 The Intertidal Zone Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
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8 The Intertidal Zone Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

9 The Intertidal Zone Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

10 The Richness of the Reef
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Richness of the Reef The Near-Shore Zone Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

11 The Richness of the Reef
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Richness of the Reef The Near-Shore Zone The near-shore zone is home to many species of fish, jellyfish, and seaweed & corals. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

12 The Richness of the Reef
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Richness of the Reef The Near-Shore Zone Coral individuals, called polyps, live in colonies. Polyps are tiny animals that produce hard exoskeletons attached to those of their neighbors. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

13 Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
The Near-Shore Zone Coral reefs are the branch-like structures built by colonies of coral polyps. The branched reefs provide habitats for many organisms, which form a complex community and food web. If the corals are healthy, organisms living near tend to thrive while if the coral in an area die , the whole ecosystem is affected. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

14 The Near-Shore Zone Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
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15 The Near-Shore Zone Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
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16 The Wide and the Deep The Open-Ocean Zone
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Wide and the Deep The Open-Ocean Zone Animals at the surface in the open ocean are much like those living near shore. Fish, sea turtles, and whales move between near-shore and open ocean zones. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

17 Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
The Open-Ocean Zone As you move deeper in the ocean,light decreases, pressure increases, and temperature drops. Organisms, such as squid, that live in those extreme conditions are very different from those that live near the surface. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

18 The Open-Ocean Zone Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
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19 Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
The Open-Ocean Zone Communities of shrimp, crabs, tubeworms, slugs, and even fish form around hydrothermal vents, which are volcanic spots on the ocean floor. Bacteria there eat dissolved chemicals in the heated water. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

20 The Open-Ocean Zone Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
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21 The bacteria start the food chain for larger organisms.
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The bacteria start the food chain for larger organisms. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

22 Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
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23 The Most Important Organism You Never See
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Most Important Organism You Never See Plankton are microscopic, drifting organisms that inhabit the wide open ocean. Plankton reproduce in such massive numbers that they form clouds in the water visible from space. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

24 The Most Important Organism You Never See
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Most Important Organism You Never See Plankton aren’t a single species. They are a group that includes plantlike organisms, animal-like organisms, and bacteria. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

25 The Most Important Organism You Never See
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Most Important Organism You Never See Plantlike plankton make their food through photosynthesis, which releases oxygen back into the atmosphere, enabling us to breathe. Animal-like plankton feed on other plankton. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

26 The Most Important Organism You Never See
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Most Important Organism You Never See Large and small animals filter plankton from the water as their food. Smaller fish, in turn, become food for bigger predators. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

27 The Most Important Organism You Never See
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Most Important Organism You Never See Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

28 The Most Important Organism You Never See
Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems? The Most Important Organism You Never See Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

29 Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

30 Unit 11 Lesson 4 What Are Some Ocean Ecosystems?
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