2. African Renaissance Conference: Inclusive Socio-Economic Transformation 24th May Advocate Vasu Gounden

3. There can be no physical security for anyone unless there is human security for everyone.

4. Human Security and Development: Safety and Security
People generally equate safety and security with physical security
We have to distinguish between physical security and human security
Important in South Africa because some people enjoy human security but not physical security while others have neither human nor physical security

5. HUMAN SECURITY
The 1994 global Human Development Report highlighted two major components of human security: ‘freedom from fear’ and ‘freedom from want’.
There are seven essential dimensions of human security:
Economic
Food
Health
Environmental
Personal
Community
Political

6. HUMAN SECURITY vs HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
There can be no human development without human security
Central to human security is the idea that people have ‘the right to live in freedom and dignity, free from poverty and despair… with an equal opportunity to enjoy all their rights and fully develop their human potential.’

7. HUMAN SECURITY AND DEVELOPMENT
Human development and human security are interlinked but are by no means identical.
Human development is a broad concept, aiming at enlarging people’s choices and freedoms. Human security is about assuring priority freedoms so that people can exercise choices safely and freely.

8. COLONIAL AND POST-COLONIAL LEGACY
Social Engineering:
Skills
Capital
Opportunity
Consequences
Poverty
Inequality
Unemployment

9. AFRICA’S SOCIO-ECONOMIC STRUCTURAL CHALLENGE
1. Agricultural Age
2. Industrial Age
3. Information Age

11. ETHEKWINI POPULATION 1980: 939 000 1996: 2 748 000 2001: 3 090 000
1980:  000
1996: 2 748 000
2001: 3 090 000
2011: 3 
2018: 3 800 000
2030: 4 550 000

12. ETHEKWINI UNEMPLOYMENT
2001: 43.0% 2011: 30.2% 2015: 22.6% 2017: 21.8%
Source: Census 2011 and Stats SA

13. ETHEKWINI INEQUALITY Gini Coefficient is 0.63
Human Development Index is 0.63
Both are strong indicators of high inequality
South Africa ranked second worse country based on its Gini Coefficient.

14. Centre and Periphery: SOUTH AFRICA

15. Centre and Periphery: KENYA

16. Centre and Periphery: BURUNDI

17. END