2. Han Blok, Royal Haskoning
WFD “Sources & Measures of priority substances”
Han Blok, Royal Haskoning

3. Process review
Inventory of emission data
Evaluation of data
Recommendation of measures

4. Inventory of emission data
Collection of documents
Hard copy archive
Short review or relevance
& quality
MS-Access database
Bibliography + summary +
key characters
Detailed review of
emission data
Addition to fact sheets

5. Fact sheets - draft versions
Review of all
available documents
First draft
Commentary EAF
Additional documents
Second draft (final for
emission inventory part)
Evaluation
Flow sheets
Third draft
Comments
on measures
Final draft

6. Identification of data gaps
Evaluation
Identification of data gaps
Gathering & extrapolation from national to EU level
Overall picture of routes in flow sheet
Identification of possible management tools for relevant sources and routes
Evaluation of existing regulation and trends

7. Examples
Lead
DEHP
Benzene
Nickel

8. Lead - Production and Use volumes
EU15 production : 1,556,000 t/a (1999)
EU15 use volume : 1,750,000 t/a (2000, refined lead)
Relative use volumes [Eurometaux, 2000]
Batteries : 58% (declining circa 3% per year)
Rolled products : 14%
Compounds : 12%
Shot : 4%
Weights : 4%
Alloys : 3%
Cable sheathing : 3%
Gasoline additives : 2%

9. Lead - scheme of release routes
AIR A5 A6 A7 A4 A2
Production
Formulation
Industrial use
104/ 105/ 101
Consumer use
101
Buildings
Historic pollution
Agriculture
110.16
Deposition
Traffic
201/ 202
Materials
S9.2
S7.3
S3.1
Waste
109/
S8.1
SOIL
S8.2
WWT
S8.3 S1
Erosion &
Runoff
S3.2
S4.2
S9.2.2
STP /
WWT
GROUNDWATER
Leaching
Drain
S3.3
S4.3
S9.2.1
S8.4
WWT
S7.2
Drainage S2
S10.1
S10.2
SURFACE WATER

10. Lead - Pie chart: point / diffuse sources

11. Lead - Pie chart: point sources

12. Lead - Pie chart: diffuse sources
Comments:
- Lead shot is based on a predicted water-land ratio of %

13. Lead - Pie chart: emission divided into life cycle stages

14. DEHP (Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate)
Production volume t/a EU
Use volume t/a EU
94% Plasticiser
3% Non PVC pol. additive
3% Non polymer use

15. DEHP - Approach A
Phthalates emission data for the EU, Production and use volume of phthalates
the Netherlands and Germany and DEHP data for the EU, the Netherlands
and Germany
Emission DEHP in the EU, the
Netherlands and Germany

16. - Residue in environment
DEHP - Problems
Diffuse sources:
- Municipal sewer
- Landfill
- Incinerator
- Residue in environment
Factors:
- Treated
- Untreated

17. DEHP - Scheme of release routes

18. DEHP - Approach B (1)

19. DEHP - Approach B (2)

20. Benzene
Production Volume: t/a EU
Use Volume:
- Use in Benzene Processing: t/a EU
- Use in consumption of petrol: t/a EU +
- Total benzene use: t/a EU

21. Benzene - Release routes

22. Nickel - Production and Use volumes
EU15 production : 146,300 t/a (2000), mined and refined nickel
EU15 use volume : 400,900 t/a (2000)
Relative use volumes in end use applications [Eurometaux, 2000]
Transportation : 24%
Commercial : 26%
Industrial : 43%
Building and construction : 7%

23. Nickel - scheme of release routes
AIR A5 A6 A7 A2
Production
Formulation
Industrial use
101 / 104 / 105 / 107
Consumer use
113.01
Buildings
Road and roof runoff (Urban area)
Historic pollution
Agriculture
Deposition
Traffic
201 / 202
Materials
Road and roof runoff (non urban area)
S9.1
S9.2
S9.3
S7.3
S7.1
Waste
109.01/ -02/ -06
S8.1
SOIL
S8.2
WWT
S8.3 S1
S7.2
Erosion &
Runoff
S3.2
S4.2
S9.2.2
STP
WWT
GROUNDWATER
Leaching
Drain
S3.3
S4.3
S9.2.1
S8.4
WWT
Drainage S2
S10.1
S10.2
SURFACE WATER

24. Nickel - Summarised quantification of sources
Comment:
- Road transport is based on British release figures

25. Nickel - quantification of point and diffuse sources

26. Nickel - extrapolation by population, surface area and volume of industry

27. Nickel - information gaps