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Start with the white board
Review Questions Start with the white board
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A= Big noses a= small noses
What genotypes could give you a big nose? BB or Bb What genotypes would give you a small nose? bb Give the phenotype for someone who is a hybrid. Bb= BIG NOSE
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A= Big noses a= small noses
What is the phenotypic ratio? 3:1 What is the genotypic ratio? 1:2:1
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A= Big noses a= small noses
Cross a heterozygous big nose parent with a homozygous recessive parent. What percent of the children would have small noses? 50 %
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Gerald is heterozygous for his little ears and meets Tammy who has humungous ears.
What is the dominant phenotype? Little Ears What is Tammy’s genotype? ee homozygous recessive What are the chances of the two having offspring with HUGE ears? 50%
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In fruit flies, red eyes (R) are dominant over white eyes (r).
If you crossed a homozygous dominant with a heterozygous fly. What percent would have white eyes? R R 0% White Eyes What would be the genotypic ratio? R RR RR What would be the phenotypic ratio? r Rr Rr 2:2:0 4:0
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If Red flowers are incompletely dominant to white flowers,
Show the cross between a pink and a white flower. R r r What percent of the flowers would have red petals? rr Rr 0 % are red What is the phenotypic ratio? 2: 2: 0
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Quick Question!
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The combination of alleles an organism inherits for a particular trait is called it’s ___________
Genotype
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Genotype in which an organism inherits two of the same alleles is called __________
Homozygous
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Genes occupy a specific location on _____________
Chromosomes
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Who is the “Father of Genetics”?
Gregor Mendel
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Any error made in DNA is called a
Mutation
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Where are proteins made?
Ribosomes
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Long chains of amino acids make a __________
Protein
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What must be copied before Mitosis begins?
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DNA (replication)
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All the cells of the human body have 46 chromosomes
All the cells of the human body have 46 chromosomes. How many would be found in a cloned cell?
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46
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Where in the cell is DNA located?
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The Nucleus
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What is NOT true of DNA It is located in the nucleus
It delivers information for making proteins to the ribosome. It provides instructions for controling cell activities It is found in all living organisms All of these are true
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Genes are located on _____________________.
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Chromosomes
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A DNA molecule is made up of __________________, which have three parts.
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Nucleotides
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Nucleotides are made up of ________________, _______________, and __________________.
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5-Carbon sugar, Phosphate group, and a Nitrogen Base
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Which bases pair up with each other in DNA?
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Adenine=Thymine Cytosine=Guanine
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The process of copying a DNA strand is called _____________________.
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Replication
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1. Make a complimentary DNA strand: ATT GCG CAA GTA TGA
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ATT GCG CAA GTA TGA TAA CGC G TT CAT ACT
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Since DNA cannot leave the nucleus, __________ copies the DNA code and takes this information to the ribosome to assemble proteins.
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mRNA or messenger RNA
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RNA contains the same bases as DNA except Thymine is replaced with ___________________.
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Uracil
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Make a complimentary RNA strand: TTG ACG AAT CGA TGA
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TTG ACG AAT CGA TGA AAC U G C U UA G C U AC U
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Every three bases makes a ________________.
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Codon
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tRNA matches up with each codon on the mRNA to make one ___________ ____________
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Amino Acid
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Long chains of amino acids make ____________________.
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Proteins
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What makes up the backbone (sides) of a DNA molecule?
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Phosphate group and Sugar
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Any change in the DNA sequence is called _____________.
$100 Any change in the DNA sequence is called _____________.
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This is an example of what type of mutation?
$200 This is an example of what type of mutation?
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Deletion
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This is an example of what type of mutation?
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Translocation
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$200 Breeding individuals with similar characteristics
Ex: German Shepard X German Shepard = German Shepard
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Inbreeding
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$500 __________ provides the heredity information for controlling all the activities in the cell and provides the blueprints for protein assembly (making proteins)
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DNA
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Crossbreeding dissimilar individuals
$400 Crossbreeding dissimilar individuals
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Hybridization
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Guanine pairs with _______ in a complimentary DNA strand
$200 Guanine pairs with _______ in a complimentary DNA strand Cytosine
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