1. DNA Replication

2. Root Words

3. DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid Nucleotides: Building blocks of DNA 1) Sugar
2) Phosphate Group
3) Nitrogen Base
Millions of nucleotides per strand of DNA

4. Nucleotides C T A A T G T 4 Different Bases:
Adenine (A)
Thymine (T)
Guanine (G)
Cytosine (C)
Human DNA: ~3 billion pairs
RULE: A-T, C-G
Nucleotides C T A A T G T

6. Double Helix
James Watson and Francis Crick identified DNA’s structure in 1953
Rosalind Franklin also contributed to discovery of DNA structure
Double Helix: spiral shape of DNA

7. DNA Replication Defined: Process of copying DNA
Step 1: DNA Helicase “unzips” the two DNA strands (breaks the H bonds)
Step 2: Free floating nucleotides (A, T, C, G) match up
Step 3: DNA Polymerase reconnects the two strands

8. Base Pairing: Principle that A only bonds with T, and C only bonds with G

9. Base Pairing: Principle that A only bonds with T, and C only bonds with G
Chargaff’s Rule: Adenine always bonds with Thymine, Cytosine, always bonds with Guanine. (Same as Base Pairing)

10. Base Pairing: Principle that A only bonds with T, and C only bonds with G
Chargaff’s Rule: Adenine always bonds with Thymine, Cytosine, always bonds with Guanine. (Same as Base Pairing)
DNA Polymerase: Enzyme that adds on matching base to one of the existing strands

13. Leading strand-
Half of the newly split DNA that is replicated first

14. Leading strand-
Half of the newly split DNA that is replicated first
Lagging strand-
Half of the newly split DNA that is replicated slower

15. Leading strand-
Half of the newly split DNA that is replicated first
Lagging strand-
Half of the newly split DNA that is replicated slower

16. Okazaki Fragments-
Short segments of DNA that is formed on the lagging strand

17. Mutation
Change or mistake made during the DNA replication sequence

18. Draw, label and color