1. The Labor Movement
The late 1800s

2. The Robber Barons or… Captains of Industry?
Wealthy bank or business owners who often used questionable business tactics to control whole industries.
Rockefeller, Carnegie, J.P. Morgan

3. What were corporate owners called that paid very little to their labor and made millions of dollars?
A) Robber Barons
B) Social Democrats
C) Red Barons
D) Darwinian Theorists

4. Factory production replaces skilled labor Women and child labor #1
Problems for workers
Low wages
Factory production replaces skilled labor
Women and child labor
Poor working conditions

5. What were some of the problems for labor before and after the civil war?
Poor working conditions
Low wages
Child labor
All of the above

12. Solutions? #2
Farmers and Workers unite to try to maintain control over wages and working conditions
Unions- organized labor
Knights of St. Crispin
Knights of Labor
American Federation of Labor

13. A organized group of people from the same industry or different industries is known as a:
A) union
B) injunction
C) militia
D) merger

14. STRIKE!!! 1877- National railroad strike
#3,4,5
STRIKE!!!
1877- National railroad strike
Workers stop working and protest in order to change conditions
Corporation calls in state militias to stop the protests, sometimes ending in violence.
Result- deal between railroad (Jay Gould) and labor. More people think they need stronger unions.

15. American Federation of Labor#6
American Federation of Labor
Replace Knights of Labor as leading union
Organized skilled workers
Strike to improve wages and hours
Boycott to peacefully protest
Founded by Sam Gompers (Right)
                              
          

16. Women in the Labor Movement#7
Knights of Labor allows women and proposes equal pay for men and women
Support strikers with food and supplies for long strikes
Mary Harris Jones- organized the United Mine Workers. Traveled on behalf of labor for 50 years. Once known as the “Most dangerous women in America.”

17. Resistance to the Labor Movement

18. Haymarket Riot 1886-McCormick Harvester Factory#8
1886-McCormick Harvester Factory
Strike for 8- hour workday
Police kill 4 in scuffle
Haymarket Riot workers rally, bomb kills 7 police. Police fire on crowd killing 10 and wounding 67
8 strike leaders tried for bomb. 4 hanged
                                             
                                             
               

19. The event previously mentioned where 1000 people gathered and were fired upon became known as the:
A) haymarket riot
B) Homestead Strike
C) Bessemer process
D) Pullman Strike

20. Homestead Strike 1892- Homestead Pa.#9
Homestead Strike
1892- Homestead Pa.
Steelworkers strike at Carnegie Steel
Company hired “Pinkertons” to beat up strikers
Several killed
Strike failed, many left the union as a result
                                 

21. What was the name of the group sent out by Carnegie steel to beat up strikers?
Union
Injunction function
Pink Ladies
Pinkertons

22. The Pullman Strike
#11-13
Workers lived in Company towns. Jobs, wages cut. Stores & rent stayed same
Pullman sleeper cars (Railroads)
1894- strike
American Railway Union
Eugene V. Debs leader
Pres. Cleveland calls Army
Violence once again, Rail
traffic comes to a halt
Railroad unions refused Pullman cars in sympathy
                                             

23. The Pullman strike is associated with which of the following?
A) people were fired and wages were cut
B) company store prices and rents went up or stayed the same
C) other railroad workers showed sympathy to Pullman strikers
D) All of the above

24. Problems in the Labor Movement
14,15
Government support of Corporate owners with troops and injunctions (order to end strike) to break strikes.
Exclusion of minorities, unskilled workers, and women.
American-born workers fear immigrants from Europe. Chinese killed and intimidated. Exclusion Act of 1882 reflected the nations fears.

25. Which side did the government usually support in a strike?
Strikers
Corporation owners
Left side
East side

26. Positive aspects of the Labor Movement16
Identified the need to get rid of child labor.
Called attention to poor wages and working conditions.
Pushed for the 8-hour workday
Called out and stood up to large corporations for unfair labor practices.
Showed possible benefits of united workers.

27. Text in what you believe the best aspect of the labor movement was……