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Velaric initiation Called velaric because…
The back of the tongue must touch the velum Uses only the air trapped in the mouth Between the closure at the velum and closure somewhere else (bilabial, dental, alveolar)
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Making clicks Dental Alveolar lateral Bilabial Some examples
Close to English “tsk tsk” Feel the suction Alveolar lateral English “giddy-up” Bilabial Close to a kissing sound Some examples Nama
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Summary Pulmonic Glottalic Velaric
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Summary egressive ingressive Pulmonic Glottalic Velaric
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Summary egressive ingressive Pulmonic pretty much everything N/A
Glottalic Velaric
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Summary egressive ingressive Pulmonic pretty much everything N/A
Glottalic ejectives implosives Velaric
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Summary egressive ingressive Pulmonic pretty much everything N/A
Glottalic ejectives implosives Velaric clicks
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Pulmonic egressive (assume some oral closure) (assume release)
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Pulmonic ingressive
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Glottalic egressive
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