1. Social Studies
Totalitarianism

2. Questions: Why were the 1920s called the Roaring Twenties?
What event sparked the Great Depression?
What was the Dust Bowl? Where did it take place?
What is totalitarianism?
Where did totalitarianism exist in the 1930s?

3. Great Depression in the World
Other countries experience depression in 1930s
Affected most of Western world (N. America and Europe)
Largely countries that did much business with U.S.
How would they react?
Many created totalitarian governments

4. Government Changes Great Depression caused havoc in world
Many countries underwent massive changes
In US, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected
Implement New Deal
Much of world turned to totalitarianism

5. What is Totalitarianism?
System of political beliefs
Citizens should be totally subject to absolute state authority
What this means?
State has all of the power
You must obey

6. Where Totalitarianism was found
Germany- Nazis under Hitler
Soviet Union- Communists under Stalin
Italy- Fascists under Mussolini
Spain- under Franco
Portugal- under Salazar
Japan- under military dictatorship
under Hirohito

7. Commonalities Pro-government propaganda Secret police
Suppression of rights
Suppression of those who disagree
Extreme nationalism
Racism
We’re better than other people
Aryan race

8. What it is? System of political beliefs
Citizens should be totally subject to absolute state authority
What this means?
State has all of the power
Few rights for people
You must obey

9. Characteristics One party in charge People have no say in government
No elections or sham elections
Most often single person w/ all power
Use propaganda and terror to keep power

10. Reasons they arise Countries looking for change Weakness of country
Unstable government in which control is easily grabbed
People unhappy with current government
Great Depression caused this in many nations

11. Where Totalitarianism was found
Germany- Nazis under Hitler
Soviet Union- Communists under Stalin
Italy- Fascists under Mussolini
Spain- under Franco
Portugal- under Salazar
Japan- under military dictatorship

12. Fascism Primarily found in Italy Nation over individual
Everything for the state
sacrifice
Benito Mussolini wants to expand Italian power
Militaristic
Recreate Roman Empire

13. Stalinism Takes over communist Russia
When Lenin dies
Greatly desires to modernize country
5 Year Plans
Collectivization of agriculture
Build heavy industry (steel, power, etc.)

14. Stalinism (cont’d) Very harsh People matter little
Russia had plenty
Millions who oppose die
Gulags
Prison camps (most died)
Quickly brings modern world to Russia
At people’s expense

15. Trouble in Germany People very upset with Treaty of Versailles
Blame weak Weimar Republic (German government)
Radicals become more popular
Nazis one of radical parties
Led by Adolf Hitler

16. Nazism Hitler says: Gives scapegoat for WWI and all problems
We will become strong again
Ignore treaty
Not take blame for WWI
Get country back on feet
Gives scapegoat for WWI and all problems
Jewish people

17. Effects of Nazism Come to power in 1933
Immediately begins to change country
Rights suppressed
Military built up
Jews harassed
Censorship
Militarism: will lead to WWII

18. Commonalities Pro-government propaganda Secret police
Suppression of rights
Suppression (or removal) of those who disagree
Extreme nationalism
Racism
We’re better than other people
Aryan race

19. Check For Understanding: Get a half sheet of paper and answer the following questions
What do totalitarian regimes have in common?
Why do totalitarian regimes arise?
You must write at least a sentence answer for each.
On back, create a Venn Diagram comparing how the countries discussed today reacted to the Great Depression with how the US reacted.