1. World History: Unit 3, Chapter 9, Section 2
Reforms, Revolution, and War, :
Revolution and Change in France

2. Question column What happened during the Revolution of 1830?
What were the results of the birth of the French republic?
How did the Dreyfus affair reveal divisions within French society?

3. Main Idea
During the 1800s opposing groups in France struggled to determine what kind of government France would have-a republic, a constitutional monarchy, or an absolute monarchy

4. Revolution of 1830
Louis XVIII died, his brother Charles X inherited the throne, the last of the Bourbon monarchs.
Charles X suspended the legislature, angering citizens resulting in the Revolution of 1830
Citizens controlled Paris, Charles abdicated, fled to England
Moderate liberals chose Louis Philippe as the new “citizen king”, but he caused the rich to get richer, and poor poorer

5. Revolution of 1848 Another revolution, Louis Philippe abdicates
Voters elect Louis Napoleon, Napoleon’s nephew as president
Era is known as the Second Republic; first republic being between the French Revolution and the reign of Napoleon
All adult men had voting rights, republican government grew across Europe, fueled women’s rights movement
1852: Louis Napoleon dissolves National Assembly and is elected emperor by the people, period known as Second Empire
1870: Napoleon III is captured during the Franco-Prussian War; French people depose him and proclaim Third Republic
Benefits: primary education available, trade unions legalized, working hours reduced

6. The Dreyfus Affair
1894: anti-Semitism, or prejudice toward Jews was revealed in the Dreyfus affair; Jewish French officer named Alfred Dreyfus was wrongfully accused of spying.
Emile Zola and Theodor Herzl defended Dreyfus
Herzl’s work sparked Zionism, a Jewish nationalist movement to re-create a Jewish state in its original homeland