1. The French Revolution
The Rise of Napoleon

3. King Louis XVI lost his power because…
Opening
King Louis XVI lost his power because…

4. Changes in France’s Government

5. French Constitution of 1791
Executive Branch
“Committee of Public Safety”
Small group lead by Maximilien Robespierre empowered to enforce laws.
Executive Branch
“Committee of Public Safety”
Small group lead by Maximilien Robespierre empowered to enforce laws.
Legislative Branch
“National Convention” elected leaders to vote for and enact laws.
Legislative Branch
National Assembly – elected leaders to vote for and enact laws.
Executive Branch
Committee of Public Safety – small group lead by Robespierre empowered to enforce laws.
Executive Branch
King Louis XVI – to enforce laws and command the military
The Committee of Public Safety’s power grows as the Royalists and Jacobins begin a civil war.
Judicial Branch
Courts – to evaluate laws and judge cases

6. 16,000 to 40,000 killed in a year and a half!
Reign of Terror ( )
Robespierre’s “Committee of Public Safety” kills Royalist “Enemies of the People” by guillotine.
16,000 to 40,000 killed in a year and a half!

7. Maximilien Robespierre Executed (July 27, 1794)
Members of the National Convention declare Robespierre’s “Committee of Public Safety” hypocritical and call for execution. He is shot in the mouth and then decapitated.

8. Executive Branch Executive Branch
“The Directory”
Five unelected men given command of the military to enforce laws.
Executive Branch
“Committee of Public Safety”
Small group lead by Maximilien Robespierre empowered to enforce laws.
Executive Branch
“Committee of Public Safety”
Small group lead by Maximilien Robespierre empowered to enforce laws.
Legislative Branch
“National Convention” elected leaders to vote for and enact laws.
Legislative Branch
National Assembly – elected leaders to vote for and enact laws.
Executive Branch
Committee of Public Safety – small group lead by Robespierre empowered to enforce laws.
Executive Branch
King Louis XVI – to enforce laws and command the military
The Committee of Public Safety replaced by the Directory
Judicial Branch
Courts – to evaluate laws and judge cases

9. Napoleon Saves the National Convention (October 1795)
General Napoleon Bonaparte defends the National Convention from Royalist attack by firing cannons at the protesters.
Clears the streets with a “whiff of grapeshot.”

10. Directory Chooses Napoleon Bonaparte to Command the Military (1796 - 1799)
Napoleon’s army conquers Austria, Italy and Egypt.

11. Napoleon Becomes Dictator (December 24, 1799)
Legislative Branch
“National Convention” elected leaders to vote for and enact laws.
Napoleon Branch
Napoleon Bonaparte given power to enact, enforce and evaluate laws.
Executive Branch
“First Consul”
Napoleon Bonaparte given power to enforce laws with the military.
Executive Branch
“The Directory”
Five unelected leaders given command of the military to enforce laws.
The National Convention replaces the Directory with Napoleon, giving him executive power to enforce laws
Napoleon writes a constitution giving him legislative and judicial power also. Voters approve it in 1800.
Judicial Branch
Courts – to evaluate laws and judge cases

12. Napoleon Crowns Himself Emperor (December 2, 1804)

13. Napoleon’s Positives (1800 - 1804)
Defends France from an allied invasion by Britain, Austria and Russia
Restores order by stabilizing economy with efficient taxes and banking
Creates public schools so that all children can learn
Meritocracy vs. Aristocracy

14. Napoleon’s Negatives (1804 - 1814)
Autocratic leadership = Low Quality Decisions
The “Napoleonic Code” took away rights
Tried to conquer the world (page 666)
1806 Continental System against Britain (page 668)
1808 Peninsular War in Spain (page 669)
1812 Invasion of Russia (page 669 – 670)

15. The Hundred Days Comeback (1815)

16. Why did Napoleon come to power? How did Napoleon gain power?
Closing
Why did Napoleon come to power?
How did Napoleon gain power?