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Science Skills
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Scientific Method An organized plan for gathering, organizing & communicating information Used for problem solving or to explain an observation
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Figure 7
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Figure 7
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Figure 7
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Figure 7
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Figure 7
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Where would Claim, Evidence and Reasoning fit in this sequence?
Figure 7 Where would Claim, Evidence and Reasoning fit in this sequence?
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Scientific Method Vocabulary
Observation – obtaining information through 5 senses (qualitative/quantitative) Hypothesis – a proposed answer to a question If …. then because . . . Variable – any factor in an experiment that can be changed
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Controlled Experiment
An experiment in which one variable (IV) is deliberately changed, all other variables are kept constant Independent Variable (IV) – causes change in another variable (what I change) Dependent Variable (DV) – changes in response to IV (what you measure/your data) Control Group (C) – does not get manipulated Experimental Group(s) – gets manipulated Controlled Variables (CV) – all variables kept constant in an experiment
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Time to practice Hypothesis worksheet IV/DV worksheet
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SI – International System of Units
aka Metric system Length – straight-line distance between two points (meter – m) Mass – quantity of matter in an object (gram – g) Volume – amount of space an object occupies (l x w x h = m3 (cubic meters)) Density – ratio of mass : volume (kg/m3) Temperature – measure of thermal energy Kelvin (K)—Celsius (C)
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Common SI Measuring Units
Figure 13 Common SI Measuring Units
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Metric Mania Lets put your skills into practice….
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Data Table Put the following information into a data table.
Mrs. Walston wanted to figure out which type of dog had a faster average while running the mile – A pit-bull or a golden retriever. The pit-bull had the following time – 10min, 8.5 min, and 9 min. The Golden Retriever ran 9.5 min, 8.0 min, and 9 min.
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Practice Let’s make sure you have it!
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Scientific Data and Analysis
GRAPHING: Scientific Data and Analysis
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GRAPHING: Line & Bar Graphs
Have an x-axis (horizontal) and a y-axis (vertical) Each axis is a scale ranging from lowest number (data value) to highest
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GRAPHING All Line and Bar Graphs Need: Title that describes graph
Labeled and Numbered X and Y Axes
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GRAPHING Bar Graphs Compare measurements, amounts, changes
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GRAPHING: Group Bar Graph
Also compares groups of data NEEDS A KEY
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GRAPHING Line Graphs Show a relationship between TWO factors– excellent for showing changes, trends, patterns over time/depth. Allow you to graph more than one set of data on a single graph MOST IMPORTANT: allow you to answer “IF/THEN” questions
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Figure 21: Mass vs. Volume of Water – DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL, as one value increase, the other value increases. The slope tells the relationship between the variables.
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Figure 21: Distance vs. Light Intensity – INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL, as the x-value increase, the y-value decreases.
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GRAPHING: Multiple Line Graph
Compares different sets of data NEEDS A KEY
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WHAT IS WRONG WITH THESE GRAPHS?!
GRAPHING WHAT IS WRONG WITH THESE GRAPHS?!
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THE X AND Y AXES ARE NOT LABELLED!!!!
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What makes a great title?
NO TITLE!!!!!!! What makes a great title?
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Y AXIS IS NOT NUMBERED
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X AXIS HAS NO VALUES!!!!
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Works Cited Physical Science Concepts In Action bell.sandi.net
solfire.com partyfranke.de
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