1. Physics STAAR Review

2. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Distance (m) 5 10 15 20 25 30
1. Looking at the graph, fill in the chart to the right with the correct values for the distances.

3. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Distance (m) 5 10 15 20 25 30
2. What was the average speed of the squirrel at 10 seconds?

4. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Distance (m) 5 10 15 20 25 30
What was the actual speed of the squirrel at 10 seconds?
*This is a different question from the last one! This time you need to exclude the first three seconds!

5. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Distance (m) 5 10 15 20 25 30
4. What happened to the squirrel between 11 and 16 seconds?

6. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Distance (m) 5 10 15 20 25 30
5. What happened to the squirrel between 16 and 18 seconds?

7. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Distance (m) 5 10 15 20 25 30
6. What is the speed of the squirrel from 16 to 18 seconds?

8. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Distance (m) 5 10 15 20 25 30
7. What happens to the speed of the squirrel at 26 seconds?

9. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Distance (m) 5 10 15 20 25 30
8. What is the average speed of the squirrel in m/min for the entire journey?

10. If your answer to #8 was 0.333, you need to go back and look at the units!!!

11. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Velocity
(m/s) 4 8 14 16
9. Looking at the graph, fill in the chart to the right with the correct values for the velocity.

12. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Velocity
(m/s) 4 8 14 16
10. What happened to the motion of the car between 8 and 14 seconds?

13. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Velocity
(m/s) 4 8 14 16
11. What is the fastest speed the car travels?

14. Speed, velocity & acceleration
Time (s)
Velocity
(m/s) 4 8 14 16
12. What is happening to the motion of the car from 14 to 16 seconds?

15. 13. What is the speed between points A and B?

16. 14. What is the speed between B and C?

17. 15. What is the average speed for the entire trip?

18. 16. Which of the graphs to the right shows an object that is climbing uphill?

19. 17. Which of the graphs to the right shows an object moving at a constant speed?

20. 18. Which graph shows an object at rest?

21. 19. Which graph shows an object moving at a constant speed?

22. 20. Molly bikes 4 km in 30 minutes
20. Molly bikes 4 km in 30 minutes. What is Molly’s average speed in km/h?

23. The answer to the last question is NOT
***The answer to the last question is NOT .1333… Go back and CHECK THE UNITS!!!

24. Newton’s Laws Newton’s Law of Inertia
Newton’s Law of force and acceleration
Newton’s Law of action-reaction
An object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
An object acted upon by an unbalanced force will move in the same direction as the force.
A car stops suddenly but person inside hits head on dashboard.
A bat hitting a baseball will sometimes break in half.
A rocket’s boosters push down when taking off.
A soccer player kicks the ball
Match the statements to the right with the correct law of motion:
For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
A roller coaster being pulled up 1st hill.
Earth orbiting the Sun.
Newton’s 1st Law
Newton’s 2nd Law
Newton’s 3rd Law
Definition
Short Definition
Examples

25. 21. The tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion is related to one of Newton’s laws. It is called-
Acceleration
Force
Inertia
Work

26. 22. Mrs. Tucker threaded a string through a straw, blew up a balloon and taped a balloon to a straw as shown below. When she releases air from the neck of the balloon what will happen?
Following Newton’s 2nd Law, the balloon and the straw will move toward point one.
Following Newton’s 1st Law, the balloon and straw will spin on the string.
Following Newton’s 3rd Law, the balloon and straw will move towards point 2.
Following Newton’s 1st Law, the balloon and straw will not move.

27. 23. What is the main action and reaction forces that result from someone sitting in a chair?
Force of the chair and force of gravity
Force of gravity and force of the person’s body
Force of the person’s body and force of friction
Force of the chair and force of the person’s body

28. 24. Marco was using a new bottle of ketchup but became frustrated when the ketchup would not flow from the bottle. He turned the ketchup bottle upside down and hit the bottom of the bottle, but the ketchup still did not flow from the bottle. Which of the following best explains Marco’s experience with the ketchup bottle?
For every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction.
The acceleration of an object by a force is inversely proportional to its mass.
An object at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
An object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force.

29. 25. Biceps and triceps are muscles in the arm
25. Biceps and triceps are muscles in the arm. When biceps expand, triceps contract, allowing the arm to move. Which of Newton’s Laws of Motion best explains the forces at work by the muscles in the arm?
Newton’s 1st Law of inertia
Newton’s 2nd Law of force and acceleration
Newton’s 3rd Law of action-reaction
Newton’s Laws do not apply to human body parts.

30. Formula Practice WRITE THE FORMULAS and SHOW YOUR WORK
26. You give a shopping cart a shove down the isle. The cart is full of groceries and has a mass of 18 kg. The cart accelerates at a rate of 3 m/s2. How much force did you exert on the cart?

31. Formula Practice WRITE THE FORMULAS and SHOW YOUR WORK
27. An ant lifted a leaf weighing 0.5 N off the ground 2 cm. How much work did the ant do?

32. Formula Practice WRITE THE FORMULAS and SHOW YOUR WORK
28. A broken down 4-wheeler was loaded on trailer. If it took 1500 joules to get the 4-wheeler 3 meters to the trailer, how much force was applied to the trailer?

33. Formula Practice WRITE THE FORMULAS and SHOW YOUR WORK
29. A rocket with a mass of 20 kg is launched with a force of 50 Newtons. With what acceleration must the rocket now be traveling?

34. 30. What is the force that was applied to the above box?
Formula Practice WRITE THE FORMULAS and SHOW YOUR WORK
10 kilograms
3.4 m/s2
30. What is the force that was applied to the above box?

35. Formula Practice WRITE THE FORMULAS and SHOW YOUR WORK
31. Looking at the diagram above, the girl uses a constant force of 4 N to push the box from the bottom of the ramp to the top. How much work does she do?

36. Formula Practice WRITE THE FORMULAS and SHOW YOUR WORK
32. The box to the left is pushed up the ramp. How much work was done to move the box up the ramp?
2 N

37. Formula Practice WRITE THE FORMULAS and SHOW YOUR WORK
33. If the box to the left is lifted straight up with a force of 6 Newtons, how much work would then be done?
2 N

38. Both boxes required the same amount of work to move.
34. A student is moving two identical boxes. She picks one box straight up with 6 Newtons of force. She picks another box with the same mass up an inclined plane with 2 Newtons of force. Which statement best describes the amount of work the student accomplished when moving the two boxes?
2 N
Both boxes required the same amount of work to move.
The student did less work lifting the box than pushing the box.
Pushing the box up the ramp required 120 N more work.
Lifting the box straight up required 3 times more work than pushing the box up a ramp.

39. Types of Energy
Define the following words using the following terms: potential, kinetic, radiant, thermal, nuclear, chemical, electrical.
35. ____________________ energy is the energy stored in chemical bonds.
36. ____________________ energy is the energy carried by electricity.
37. ____________________ energy is the energy of an object due to its motion.
38. ____________________ energy is the energy of light.
39. ____________________ energy is stored energy due to the objects position.
40. ____________________ energy is energy from heat.
41. ____________________ energy is the energy stored in atomic nuclei.

40. 42. Which of the diagrams show the conversion of chemical to mechanical energy?
1 and 2
1 and 3
2 and 4
3 and 4

41. 43. You make yourself a piece of toast before leaving for school in the morning. What energy transformations are involved in making a piece of toast?
Electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy and some radiant energy.
Thermal energy is transformed into electrical energy.
Thermal and radiant energy are transformed into electrical.
Chemical energy is transformed into thermal energy.

42. 44. Which of the following is never kinetic energy?
Sound energy
Thermal energy
Mechanical energy
Chemical energy

43. 45. Which of the following describes the energy transformations that takes place in a burning log?
Chemical energy to radiant and thermal energy
Chemical energy to electrical and thermal energy
Potential energy to chemical energy
Kinetic energy to radiant and thermal energy

44. 46. Fill in the energy transformations of a fossil fuel power plant.

45. 47. Fill in the energy transformations of a hydroelectric power plant.

46. NOPE, no answers back here this time!
(Stop trying to cheat and get back to work!!!)