1. Physical properties of the cell Metabolism
Heba Al-Tamimi 

2. Physical properties of the cell
Molecules are in constant random motions resulting from their molecular thermal energy
This movement was first described by Robert Brown
The phenomenon was named after him and was called the Brownian movement
Diffusion :movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

3. Diffusion
Cell membrane
Outside cell
Inside cell

4. Diffusion
Cell membrane
diffusion
Outside cell
Inside cell

5. Diffusion
Cell membrane
Outside cell
Inside cell
EQUILIBRIUM

6. Brownian movement 2 beakers (cold & hot water) then observed movement
Ex 7-1
2 beakers (cold & hot water) then observed movement
India ink slide
Note
Do not dilute ink

7. Diffusion within semi-solid media
Ex 7-3
1 hour
 KMnO4
M.W potassium permanganate =158.03g/mole M.W methylene blue =373.9 g/mole
 methylene blue has a higher molecular weight than the compound potassium permanganate.
So ,smaller molecules diffuse faster than larger molecular weight

8. Diffusion within solutions
Ex 7-4
 it turns colorless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions
bag =phenolphthalein
Beaker =NaoH
bag =starch
Beaker =iodine
Based on your results, which if the following substances were able to cross the dialysis membrane? Phenolphthalein, sodium hydroxide, starch ,iodine

9. Osmosis
The diffusion of water molecules from an area of high concentration of water molecules to an area of low concentration of water across a partially permeable membrane.

10. Osmosis CONCENTRATED SOLUTION DILUTE SOLUTION
Cell membrane partially permeable.
Sugar molecule
VERY Low conc. of water molecules. High water potential.
VERY High conc. of water molecules. High water potential.
Outside cell
Inside cell

11. Osmosis Cell membrane partially permeable.
Low conc. of water molecules. High water potential.
OSMOSIS
High conc. of water molecules. High water potential.
Outside cell
Inside cell

12. Osmosis Cell membrane partially permeable. OSMOSIS Outside cell
Inside cell
EQUILIBRIUM. Equal water concentration on each side. Equal water potential has been reached. There is no net movement of water

13. Tonicity is a relative term
Hypotonic Solution - One solution has a lower concentration of solute than another.
Hypertonic Solution - one solution has a higher concentration of solute than another.
Isotonic Solution - both solutions have same concentrations of solute.

14. Plant and Animal Cells put into various solutions

15. Osmosis in plant cells
Ex 7-5
5%NaCl
0%NaCl
3%NaCl

16. 3%NaCl
5%NaCl
0%NaCl
Wash

17. Osmotic pressure
Ex 7-5
0 % sucrose
30 % sucrose
60 % sucrose

18. Metabolism

19. Metabolism
Anabolism
Catabolism
&
Alcoholic fermentation

20. Respiration : Alcoholic fermentation
Ex 8-1
Add 5 ml of glucose then fill up tube with yeast
Add 5 ml of sucrose then fill up tube with yeast
Add 5 ml of maltose then fill up tube with yeast
Add 5 ml of distilled water then fill up tube with yeast
Incubate tube for 15 min under light source Measures the highest of the accumulating gas in each test tube, explain your result

21. Demonstration of photosynthesis
Ex 8-5
Demonstration of photosynthesis
5 cm
Count and record the number of oxygen bubbles rising from the cut end of the stem for five minutes
Record and average your result

22. Effect of light intensity on photosynthesis
Ex 8-6
20 cm
Count and record the number of oxygen bubbles for five minutes
Record and average your result

23. Effect of carbon dioxide on photosynthesis
Ex 8-7
&
Record bubbles for five minutes
Again , Record and average your result

24. Go To Work…….