1. The Presidency: Leading the Nation
Chapter 12

2. Foundations of the Modern Presidency
The changing conception of the presidency
Whig theory: presidency was limited or restrained office
Stewardship theory: strong, assertive presidential role
The need for a strong presidency
Foreign policy leadership
Domestic policy leadership
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3. © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.
Insert Table 12-1 The Constitutional Authority for the President’s Roles
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4. Choosing the President
The nominating campaign: primaries and caucuses
The national party conventions
The general election campaign
Election strategy
Media and money
The winners
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5. Insert Table 12-2 The Four Systems of Presidential Selection
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6. Insert Table 12-3 The Path to the White House
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7. Staffing the Presidency
The vice president
The Executive Office of the President (EOP)
White House Office, Office of Management and Budget, National Security Council
Cabinet and agency appointees
The problem of control
Most severe with appointees working in the departments and agencies outside of the White House
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8. Factors in Presidential Leadership
The force of circumstance
Periods of presidential dominance marked by special set of circumstances: decisive election victory and a compelling national problem
The stage of the president’s term
Honeymoon period
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9. Factors in Presidential Leadership
The nature of the issue: foreign or domestic
Presidents have greater power with foreign policy
Congress offers greater challenges over domestic policy
Relations with Congress
Seeking cooperation from Congress
Benefiting from partisan support in Congress
Colliding with Congress
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10. © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.
Insert Figure 12-1 Percentage of Bills Passed by Congress on Which the President Announced a Position,
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11. Factors in Presidential Leadership
Public support
Events and issues
The televised presidency
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12. The Illusion of Presidential Government
Negative press portrayals require the president to try to “spin” the story
Presidents get too much credit when things go well and too much blame when things go badly
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13. © 2014, McGraw-Hill Education. All Rights Reserved.
Insert Table 12-4 Percentage of Public Expressing Approval of President’s Performance
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