1. Roots of Democracy
World History

2. Two Categories of Government
Democracy – Government by the people / Decisions made by the people
Autocracy - Government by one person (King / Queen / Emperor / Pharaoh)

3. Decision Making Autocratic or Democratic?
Teacher decides there will be a test on Friday
Group of Friends decide on which movie to go to by discussing three possible movies and voting on which one they want to see.
Fast food Manager decides to give workers a dollar per hour raise

4. Autocratic Advantages
Efficient
Order
Changes can Happen Quickly

5. Autocratic Disadvantages
Needs a Strong Leader
Decisions may not be interest of everyone
Too much power leads to corruption

6. Democratic Advantages
Everyone has a say
Corruption more difficult
Power too diffuse

7. Democratic Disadvantages
Messy, takes time
Sometimes hard to make difficult decisions
Need an Educated Citizenry

8. Autocratic forms of Government
Theocracy
Monarchy
Tyranny
Oligarchy
Aristocracy

9. Democratic forms of Government
Direct Democracy
Republic
Parliamentary System
Constitutional Monarchy

10. Anarchy
Total Lack of Government (State of Nature)
No Rules, No Leaders

11. Rule by the masses/people
Democracy
Rule by the masses/people
No Leader All Decisions made by the community
Created in ancient Athens
True Democracies only work in small groups

12. Rule by People’s Representative Created in Ancient Rome
Republic
Rule by People’s Representative
Created in Ancient Rome
Senator = Representative

13. Leader: The Priest or Main Religious Figure
Theocracy
Rule by Religion
Leader: The Priest or Main Religious Figure
Examples: Ancient Egypt, Modern Iran, Vatican City

14. ????????
What would be some problems with having government based on a single religion?

15. Monarchy
Rule by a single leader, typically claims Divine Right

16. Rule by a few individuals
Oligarchy
Rule by a few individuals

17. Aristocracy
Rule by the Wealthy

18. Athenian Democracy (Solon, Cliesthenese, and Pericles)

19. Athenian Democracy (Solon, Cleisthenese, and Pericles)
Greek Leader
Contribution to Democracy
Solon
Cliesthenese
Pericles

20. Solon Outlawed Slavery 4 Classes based on Wealth not Heredity
Only 3 Higher classes were able to hold public office
Fairer code of laws
Despite reforms Athens continued to be an autocracy

21. Cleisthenese Reorganized Assembly
Allowed all citizens to submit laws for debate and passage
Created Council of 400
Advised Assembly
Seen as Founder of Greek Democracy

22. Pericles Led Athens in Golden Age 461-429 B.C
Established Direct Democracy
Increased number of public officials
Poorer citizens were able to participate

23. Greek Philosophy Greek Thinkers Assumptions
1.Universe is orderly
2.People can understand order of universe
Respect for Human Intelligence and Reason allowed Democracy to flourish

24. Plato “The Republic” Rule of Philosopher Kings
Democracy = Rule of the Appetites
Aristocracy= Rule of the Rich

25. Aristotle “Politics” Man is by nature political
Legitimate Government- common good
Tyranny?, Democracy?
Constitutional Government

26. Roman Republic Roman Society was made of Plebians and Patricians
Rome’s Republic
Senate
2 Consuls
Assembly
Dictator

27. Roman Law Twelve Tables step toward fair government
Complied into “Justinian Code”
“government of laws not men”

28. Judaism Hebrew’s Monotheism -Created in God’s image, live moral lives
- “Divine Spark”
- God Given Rights, Freedom
Commandments
- Ethical vs. Legal Code

29. Christianity Jesus of Nazareth
- emphasized morality equality and compassion
- spread of Judeo-Christian ideas through Roman Empire

30. Leonardo Da Vinci

31. Leonardo Da Vinci

32. Leonardo Da Vinci

33. Raphael Sanzio

34. Francesco Petrarch

35. Giovanni Boccaccio

36. Niccolo Machiavelli

37. Albrecht Durer

38. Jan Van Eyck

39. Pieter Bruegel

40. Desiderius Erasmus

41. Thomas More

42. William Shakespeare