1. Muckrakers

2. What is a Muckraker?
A muckraker is an individual who seeks to expose or reveal corruption of businesses or government to the public.
The term originates from writers of the Progressive movement in America who wanted to expose corruption and scandals in government and business.
American Progressive Era—unearth corruption
Wrote about:
Urban life and poverty
Anti big business
AKA UPTON SINCLAIR!

3. Origin of the term “Muckraker”
“The men with the muck-rakes are often indispensable to the well-being of society; but only if they know when to stop raking the muck, and to look upward to the celestial crown above them, to the crown of worthy endeavor. There are beautiful things above and round about them; and if they gradually grow to feel that the whole world is nothing but muck, their power of usefulness is gone." TR
Muckraker—one who cleans up manure

4. Ida Tarbell http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Yog7FyAFyA
Investigative journalism
Wrote The History of Standard Oil Company (1904)
#5 Top 100 works of journalism of the 20th century NYT
Wrote for McClure Magazine
Negative exposé of the business practices of Rockefeller and trusts.

5. Thomas Nast Father of the American Political Cartoon
Exposed political corruption in NYC (Boss—William Tweed)
Brings about Tweed’s downfall
Harper’s Weekly

6. O.P.T.I.C.S O – What objects can you identify?
P – What key people can you identify?
T – What is the Title of the cartoon?
I – What inferences can you make about the cartoon? (assumption)
C – What conclusions can you make about the cartoon?
S – What is the significance of the cartoon?
(why is it important)

7. Ida Tarbell

10. Muckrakers and Reform Efforts
“Let’s stop them damned pictures,” the Boss supposedly said. “I don’t care so much what the papers write about – my constituents can’t read – buy damn it, they can see pictures.” – Boss Tweed
Muckraker: Thomas Nast, cartoonist for Harper’s Weekly
Reform: - Tweed was arrested
- “Good government” leagues were formed to replace corrupt leaders.

11. Jacob Riis

12. Jacob Riis Journalist Exposed corrupt living arrangements
How the Other Half Lives—18 page article
1889
Became a book How the Other Half Lives, subtitled "Studies among the Tenements of New York“
Pioneer in photography

13. “Welcome to the Jungle”

14. Upton SinclairCRITICIZING CAPITALISM!

15. Muckraker : Upton Sinclair
The Jungle was written in 1906 (The Progressive Era)
Individual who seeks to expose or reveal corruption of businesses or government to the public.
Result of this book: Pure Food and Drug Act
(present day Food and Drug Administration –FDA)

16. There would be meat that had tumbled out on the floor, in the dirt and sawdust, where the workers had tramped and spit uncounted billions of consumption germs. There would be meat stored in great piles in rooms; and the water from leaky roofs would drip over it, and thousands of rats would race about on it. It was too dark in these storage places to see well, but a man could run his hand over these piles of meat and sweep off handfuls of the dried dung of rats.