1. RESEARCH 101 Building on the Basics
UNDERSTANDING VARIABLES
COMPARING DESIGNS
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
ON THE AGENDA
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion
RESEARCH 101
Building on the Basics
VON CHRISTOPHER G. CHUA
mathbychua.weebly.com

2. RESEARCH 101 Building on the Basics LEARNING GOALS
UNDERSTANDING VARIABLES
COMPARING DESIGNS
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
ON THE AGENDA
LEARNING GOALS
After this discussion, you are expected to have the ability to:
Describe quantitative and qualitative research.
Explain the strengths and weakness of both quantitative and qualitative research designs
Define specific types of variables.
Classify a variable in terms of measurement scales
This slideshow presentation is available for download through the course website: mathbychua.weebly.com.
THE RESEARCH PROCESS
Identifying a Problem
Reporting Research
Reviewing Literature
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion
RESEARCH 101
Building on the Basics
Breaking down data
Representing data
Explaining data
Specifying a Problem
Justifying it
Suggesting the need to study it
Selecting samples
Obtaining permissions
Gathering info
Identify the purpose
Narrow the purpose to questions
Locating, Selecting, Summarizing Resources
Analyzing, Interpreting Data
Specifying Purpose
Collecting Data
VON CHRISTOPHER G. CHUA
mathbychua.weebly.com

3. RESEARCH 101 Building on the Basics LEARNING GOALS
UNDERSTANDING VARIABLES
ON THE AGENDA
LEARNING GOALS
After this discussion, you are expected to have the ability to:
Describe quantitative and qualitative research.
Explain the strengths and weakness of both quantitative and qualitative research designs
Define specific types of variables.
Classify a variable in terms of measurement scales
This slideshow presentation is available for download through the course website: mathbychua.weebly.com.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
COMPARING DESIGNS
Concept
attributes-based data
numerical data
Methodology
exploratory
conclusive
Approach
subjective
objective
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion
RESEARCH 101
Building on the Basics
Analysis
non-statistical
statistical
Data Collection
unstructured
structured
Objective
depth of understanding
level of occurrence
Question
Why? How?
How many? How much?
Sample
small number of non-representative samples
large number of representative samples
Outcome
develops initial understanding
Recommends final course of action
VON CHRISTOPHER G. CHUA
mathbychua.weebly.com

4. RESEARCH 101 Building on the Basics LEARNING GOALS
UNDERSTANDING VARIABLES
COMPARING DESIGNS
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
ON THE AGENDA
LEARNING GOALS
After this discussion, you are expected to have the ability to:
Describe quantitative and qualitative research.
Explain the strengths and weakness of both quantitative and qualitative research designs
Define specific types of variables.
Classify a variable in terms of measurement scales
This slideshow presentation is available for download through the course website: mathbychua.weebly.com.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Exploring a problem; developing a detailed understanding of a central phenomenon
Having the literature review play a minor role but justify the problem
Stating the purpose and research questions in a general and broad way
Collecting data based on words from a small number of individuals
Analyzing the data for description and themes
Writing the report using flexible, emerging structures and evaluative criteria,
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion
RESEARCH 101
Building on the Basics
VON CHRISTOPHER G. CHUA
mathbychua.weebly.com

5. RESEARCH 101 Building on the Basics LEARNING GOALS
UNDERSTANDING VARIABLES
COMPARING DESIGNS
ON THE AGENDA
LEARNING GOALS
After this discussion, you are expected to have the ability to:
Describe quantitative and qualitative research.
Explain the strengths and weakness of both quantitative and qualitative research designs
Define specific types of variables.
Classify a variable in terms of measurement scales
This slideshow presentation is available for download through the course website: mathbychua.weebly.com.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Describing trends or an explanation of the relationship among variables
Providing a major role for the literature
Creating specific, narrow, measurable, and observable purpose statements, research questions, and hypotheses.
Collecting numeric data from a large number of people using instruments
Using statistical analysis, and interpreting results by comparing them with prior predictions and past research
Writing the research report using standard, fixed structure. Approach is unbiased.
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion
RESEARCH 101
Building on the Basics
VON CHRISTOPHER G. CHUA
mathbychua.weebly.com

6. RESEARCH 101 Building on the Basics LEARNING GOALS
ON THE AGENDA
LEARNING GOALS
After this discussion, you are expected to have the ability to:
Describe quantitative and qualitative research.
Explain the strengths and weakness of both quantitative and qualitative research designs
Define specific types of variables.
Classify a variable in terms of measurement scales
This slideshow presentation is available for download through the course website: mathbychua.weebly.com.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
COMPARING DESIGNS
UNDERSTANDING VARIABLES
A variable varies and has values. The values of variables under study are the research data.
Are these variables? chair, shape of table, tweet, shirt style.
Classifying Variables according to Scales of Measure
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion
RESEARCH 101
Building on the Basics
INTERVAL
RATIO
NOMINAL
ORDINAL
IDENTITY
MAGNITUDE
EQUAL INTERVALS
ABSOLUTE ZERO
VON CHRISTOPHER G. CHUA
mathbychua.weebly.com