1. Genetics
Chapter 10.2, 10.3, 11.1, and 11.2

2. WARM UP 12-1-16 Complete Mitosis vs. Meiosis worksheet
2 extra points on final exam for anyone who can correctly complete it before the bell rings!
This will go on page 45 of your notebook

3. 1866 Gregor Mendel “Father of Genetics”
Austrian Monk that studied pea plants
Pure breeds
Self Fertilization
Statistician who wanted to be a teacher
Discovered how traits were inherited in a population

4. How Genetics Began
The passing of traits to the next generation - inheritance or heredity.
Mendel performed cross-pollination in pea plants.
Mendel followed various traits in the pea plants he bred.

5. 7 Traits Mendel Studied

6. Mendel studied seven different traits.
Seed or pea color
Flower color
Seed pod color
Seed shape or texture
Seed pod shape
Stem length
Flower position

7. Mendel’s Crosses
P Generation:
F1 Generation:
F2 Generation:

8. Generations P Generation F1 Generation F2 Generation Parents Pure –
Hybrid – 2 different types of genes for a trait
F2 Generation
3:1–Yellow : Green

9. Definitions Genetics: Gene: Allele: Study of hereditary
Strand of DNA that codes for a protein (Trait)
Allele:
A version of a gene

10. Phenotype vs. Genotype Phenotype: Genotype:
Physical characteristics (What the individual looks like)
Ex) Red Petals
Genotype:
Alleles Received (genes you have)
Ex) RR

11. Homozygous and Heterozygous
Having two of the same alleles for a particular trait
Ex.
Heterozygous:
Having two different alleles for a particular trait

12. Dominant Vs. Recessive
Dominant hides the recessive trait in the heterozygous genotype.

13. Think – Pair - Share
If Fred Flintstone is heterozygous for black hair.
(B=Black, b=blonde)
What is Fred’s genotype?
What is Fred’s phenotype?
Tweety bird is yy. (Y= yellow feathers, y=brown feathers)
1. What is his genotype?
2. What is his phenotype?
3. Is he heterozygous or homozygous? Explain.

14. w W W w Mendels 3 Laws 1. Law of Segregation
Each allele a person has separates into different gametes
Ex. Ww – one W goes in one sperm and the other w goes into another sperm
w W w W
Sperm

15. Mendels 3 Laws 2. Law of Independent Assortment
Gene pairs (homologous) will separate randomly into gametes

16. Mendels 3 Laws 3. Law of Dominance
Traits exist in two possible forms (dominant and recessive)
The dominant forms hides the recessive trait in the heterozygous condition

17. Monohybrid Cross R= Can roll your tongue r= Can’t roll your tongue
Genotype Ratio:
Phenotype Ratio: R r

18. Genotypic vs. Phenotypic Ratios
Phenotype Ratio:
Ratio of different physical traits
Ex) Brown eyes ¼ or 25%
Genotype Ratio:
Ratio of the different possible alleles
Ex) Tt = ¼ or 25%

22. Sample Problems
Daffy Duck is heterozygous for black feathers. Daisy Duck is homozygous for yellow feathers. Set up a punnett square and determine probabilities of their potential offspring. (Both genotype and phenotype ratios!)
B = Black b = yellow

23. Do Now
Sponge Bob Square pants is heterozygous for brown eyes. Sandy is also heterozygous for brown eyes. Create a punnett square to determine the possible outcomes of their children.

24. Do Now
Sleeping Beauty has freckles. Her prince charming is heterozygous for no freckles. What are the chances of her children having freckles? Please show your work.