1. OGT Life Science
Benchmarks D9 & F

2. Benchmark D
Matter cycles and energy flows through different levels of organization in living systems and between living systems and the physical environment.
Some energy is stored and much is dissipated into the environment through thermal energy
Examples of this include:
Food webs
Energy pyramids

3. The Carbon Cycle

4. Carbon Cycle

5. The Nitrogen Cycle

6. Nitrogen Cycle

7. Food Webs

9. Energy Pyramids

11. Benchmark F
Living things interact with biotic and abiotic components of the environment such as:
Predation
Competition
Natural disasters
Weather
Distribution and abundance of organisms and populations in ecosystems are limited by the ability of the ecosystem to recycle materials and the availability of matter, space and energy.

12. Ecosystems tend to have cyclic fluctuations around a state of approximate equilibrium that can change when:
Climate changes
When one or more new species appear as a result of immigration
When one or more species disappear

13. Types of Ecological Interaction