1. U4LG2 – Feudalism and Manorialism
Unit 4 Learning Goal 2: Explain why feudalism and manorialism developed in Western Europe and describe the major characteristics of each. (TEKS/SE’s 1C,4C)
Feudalism
The Crusades
100 Years War

2. Manorialism/Feudalism: Life in the Middle Ages

3. Feudalism
Feudalism developed in Western Europe as a system of local defense against invaders due to the lack of a centralized government
Feudalism is a political system based on the rule of local lords bound to a king by ties of loyalty. The relationship between lords and the king was hierarchical. Lesser lords or vassals pledged allegiance to their lords and served as knights in exchange for loyalty, the king provided land to the knights. Tradition and custom governed the relationship of knights and lords and these formed a feudal contract. The subdivision of estates made the feudal system complex. Loyalties often conflicted and authority became fragmented.

4. Manorialism= Economic System
A manor was land owned by a lord
Most peasants were serfs- bound to the land who worked the land.
Could not leave their land or marry outside the manor.

5. Feudalism= Protection, Loyalty and Defence
                                                       
                          The King

6. Wealth based on LAND.
Feudal contract- knights and lords pledged to return military service for land, and became a vassal.
This created an aristocracy
of kings, dukes, counts
barons etc. who held
political, economic and
social power

7. The Life of a Knight When you weren’t at war, you would compete in
Must own a suit of armor or
mail, sword, spear and
a warhorse.
Very expensive
When you weren’t at war, you
would compete in
tournaments
(jousting, dueling etc.)

8. A Knight’ s Code of Conduct- Chivalry
Keep your oath of service
Fight with and for Honor
Treat a lady with respect (courtly love)
Treat captives as
guests- don’t throw
them in dungeons

9. What did peasants get from Manorialism?
I1/2 -2/3 of the lord’s land was “given” to peasants to farm for themselves.
Manor or Castle= protection from invaders

10. What did lords get?
Peasants must give part of their crop; wool, grain, cloth etc to the lord.
Peasants and serfs must provide labor and rent for living on the manor.

11. Life of a Peasant
Peasants and Serfs generally lived in thatched cottages (1 or 2 rooms).
When they weren’t working the lord’s land, they worked their own.
Constant work eased by > 50 holidays of the Catholic Church

12. Rise of Cities: Cities sprang up around castles and manors(protection)
Cities were walled and tightly packed.
-fire danger
-dirty- trash, animal waste
-smoke/ water pollution
- couldn’t use rivers for
drinking water- wells

13. Trade became more complex
- From bartering to Free Market (money system)
Guilds- business associations- decided who could become a profession, how many, and how it should be done.
Age 10- apprentice, learning the trade
Journeyman-under
a master, working on
a masterpiece
Master

14. Architecture
Romanesque

15. What did most of the great architecture have in common?
Gothic-
What did most of the great architecture have in common?
How did it change?

16. This is a gothic example 
How do art, architecture, literature, music, and drama reflect the history of the cultures in which they are produced?
Medieval Europe
Romanesque cathedrals-style of early cathedrals characterized by thick walls to support the weight of the building, small arched windows, wooden roofs, and low height
Gothic cathedrals-after the 12th century Gothic architecture dominated as cathedrals were built several stories higher to the glory of God, windows covered the walls to let in the light of God, and flying buttresses on the outside of the building were used to support the weight of the tall walls
This is a gothic example 

17. Stained Glass Windows- told Bible stories because most people were illiterate