1. Carbon Compounds

2. Carbon 4 valence electrons, so it can form 4 covalent bonds
bonds with H, O, P, S, and N
form long chains of carbons
form single, double, or triple bonds
Macromolecules - small units, monomers, joined together to form large compounds, polymers

3. Four Groups of Compounds
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins

4. Carbohydrates C, H, O ; 1:2:1 Monosaccharides - single sugar molecules
glucose, fructose, galactose
Polysaccharide: macromolecule
glycogen, cellulose
main energy source & structural purposes

5. Lipids C, H not water soluble fats, oils, & waxes Store energy
Biological Membrane
Waterproof Covering
Steroids - chemical messengers

6. Nucleic Acids H, O, N, C, P Monomer - nucleotide
Polymer - nucleic acid
5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, nitrogenous base
Store and transmit hereditary, genetic, information
Two types: RNA & DNA

7. Protein C, N, H, O Monomer - amino acid In nature, 20 different A.A.
Regulate
rate of reactions
cell processes
form bones & muscle
transport substances in/out of the cell
help fight disease