1. Physiology 1
Unit 2

2. Learning goals
I will understand the components involved in muscle contraction.

3. Anatomy is the study of the structures of the various body systems
What was anatomy?
Anatomy is the study of the structures of the various body systems

4. Study of the functions of the various body systems
What is physiology?
Study of the functions of the various body systems

5. TOPICS IN THIS UNIT... HOW OUR MUSCLES CONTRACT
HOW WE PRODUCE ENERGY FROM FOOD
HOW OUR CARDIO-VASCULAR SYSTEM WORKS
HOW OUR RESPIRATORY SYSTEM WORKS

6. Muscle contraction

7. Our focus: skeletal muscle
attaches to bones of the skeleton to produce movement
voluntary
capable of very fast contractions = fatigues easily
examples!?!?

8. a single muscle is defined as...a number of muscle fibres:
SKELETAL MUSCLE
a single muscle is defined as...a number of muscle fibres:
bound together by connective tissue and
usually linked to bone via …
Tendons!!

9. MUSCLE TEAMWORK
most muscles are arranged in pairs (e.g. biceps/triceps, quads/hams)
when one group contracts, the other relaxes to allow for the movement:
AGONIST - the muscle contracting
ANTAGONIST - the muscle relaxing
but...it’s not that simple (since most actions require other additional muscles to ‘fine tune’ the movement) e.g., teeth brushing

11. SYNERGISTS - muscles surrounding the joint being moved (helping the AGONIST)
FIXATORS - steady joints closer to the body (work on the joint that is more proximal).
essentially stabilizes the origin.

12. MUSCLE TEAMWORK PRACTICE
For each action listed, list 1 agonist, antagonist, 1 synergist & 1 fixator:
elbow flexion
knee flexion
dorsiflexion
hip extension
shoulder flexion
elbow extension
shoulder ABduction
plantar flexion

13. Learning goals
I will understand the components involved in muscle contraction.