1. MONSOONS

2. 200 hPa

3. 850 hPa

4. ps(hPa)

5. rainfall (mm day-1)

6. U(ms-1),
T(oC)
χ(kg s-1)

7. OLR (W per sq. m)

9. 850hPa
Steady, linear shallow water model

10. 200hPa
850hPa

12. 850 hPa

13. 500hPa
400hPa
850hPa

14. V(p,t) at Dakar
Easterly waves
Thorncroft et al., QJRMS, 1994
t (days)

15. Easterly wave climatologies
Track density distributions for EWs: (a) ERA15 + operational analyses, (b) NCEP–NCAR, (c) NCEP–DOE, (d) GEOS-1, and (e) AMIP–NCEP. Track density units are number density per month per unit area as defined in the text.
(Hodges et al., JAS,, 2003)

16. V(p,t) at Dakar
Easterly waves
Thorncroft et al., QJRMS, 1994
t (days)