1. Chapter 21.1-21.2 Growth of Cities and Immigration
Essential Question:
What causes the rapid growth of cities and what role will immigrants play in their development?

2. Industrialization changes cities
Industrial Revolution changes where people work around the turn of the century
People moved to cities to find jobs (factory work)
The growth of cities due to workers seeking factory jobs is called urbanization

3. Technology
To house the millions of people flooding the cities, skyscrapers were developed
- Skyscrapers are tall buildings that looked as though they would “scrape the sky” (fit more people and businesses into a more efficient space)
elevators invented in 1889 so that people could easily get to the top floors
streetcars replaced walking and horses. People could now be carried quickly to work and play.
Worlds largest building with 168 floors in Dubai (Burj Khalifa)
Building with most floors in the Unites States is the Willis Sears tower in Chicago with 110 floors.

4. City Life
Due to the large number of people in cities, conditions were dangerous and unhealthy
overcrowding led to the creation of tenements, rundown apartments that were affordable
Many tenements had no running water and inadequate garbage pick up. These conditions were unhealthy and led to disease.
Neighborhoods with such housing were called slums.

6. Political Machines
political machines formed largely as a result of problems in the cities. They are organizations that form to influence local government
traded favors for votes (bosses gave food or jobs for votes)
many acts of the machines were illegal (broke rules, took bribes)
Political machines also helped by creating;
parks, sewers, roads, schools and finding immigrants jobs

7. William Magear Tweed
American politician most notable for being the "boss" of Tammany Hall, the Democratic Party political machine that played a major role in the politics of 19th century New York City and State. Nickname: “Boss Tweed”

8. New Immigrants
Ellis Island was the first stop for most immigrants coming from Europe
Immigrants had to be processed before entering the country.
-pass a physical
-questions
-poor conditions
Immigrants from Asia landed at Angel Island
-filthy
-held for several weeks

9. Settling in America
Once in America, immigrants looked for others from the “old country” to help them find jobs
People from the same ethnic background moved to the same neighborhood
ethnic: a social group of people who identify with each other based on common ancestral, social, cultural, or national experience
Neighborhoods like “Little Italy” and “Chinatown” form
supported each other by pooling money, talent, and supporting political machines

10. Little Italy in New York
Chinatown in the 1900s

11. Fitting in…. Immigrants took any job they could get
-low pay
-high risk
America becomes a melting pot, a place where all cultures blend
-most immigrants wanted to assimilate (blend in)
despite assimilation, immigrants faced discrimination and prejudice

12. Chinatown
Little Italy

13. Summary Write a 10 sentence summary
Make sure you are answering the questions that you created for your notes AND your Essential Question!
Essential Question:
What causes the rapid growth of cities and what role will immigrants play in their development?