1. Year Five History / Even Year
Visitors and Invaders
Year Five History / Even Year

2. Lesson Overview Learning Objective
We will examine the drawings by Oscar of Gunggarra learn about the Palmer River Gold Rush.
Prior Knowledge
The arrival of British in 1788, and expansion of British colony into NSW Wiradjuri country and to Tasmania.
Resources Required
Whiteboards, markers, language map of Aboriginal Australia, worksheet.
Special Instructions
Language Nations Map and worksheet for this lesson, should be two 40 minute lessons
People and Places
Guugu Yimithirr
Vocabulary
station, stockman, disruption, resistance, adapted, autobiography

3. Word Wall station: large farm property
stockman: person who looks after the animals on a farm
disruption: interference or problems which interrupt a process
resisting: to fight against someone or something
adapted: to change to suit a new situation better
autobiography: An autobiography is a written, illustrated or spoken story or record of events of your own life.
Develop wall from vocab lists.

4. Learning Objective Activating Prior Knowledge
We will examine drawings by Oscar of Gunggarra to learn about the Palmer River gold rush .
Activating Prior Knowledge
Now let’s see what you remember from the last two lessons.
Who went to Tasmania in 1803?
What did Truganini do to save her people?
She tried to negotiate, she worked with Robinson
3. Where were Aboriginal people like Truganini and Manalargenna sent?
Wybalenna, an Island in Bass Strait and then when most people died a few were sent to Oyster Cove, an old convict station, near Hobart
3. How did people maintain culture after the invasion?
The British
Definitions for vocab box
Making maireneer ( shell) necklaces, hunting mutton birds, traditions, connection to family, land, islands, sea .

5. Concept Development
The discovery of gold in far North Queensland set up a chain of events that changed the lives of the Guugu Yimithirr People.
Palmer River in Queensland was one of the most important gold rush locations in Australia.
1851 Gold was discovered in Wiradjuri country - Bathurst New South Wales first and then in Victoria. Australia was home to around people.
1852 370,000 people arrived in Australia, most looking for gold.
1871 The number of people in Australia grew to 1.7 million people.
About 40, 000 Chinese people came to Australia around this time -they were known as hard workers.
1873 A new gold rush started in the Palmer River area
A gold rush is many people rushing to the place where gold has been discovered.
In the Palmer River gold rush people from all around the world flooded into Gunggarra (Cooktown) and Mayfield.
This map can be replaced with the coloured language map with the Eora Nation highlighted or indicated
Peoples and Places
Guugu Yimithirr People who lived north of the Annan river
On your worksheets answer the questions:
What are we studying?
Who are his people?
Write the years for the events are we are examining. .

6. Highlight the places on the map on your worksheet.
Concept Development
Oscar was taken from his people and separated from his culture but he adapted to a new life. He did not forget his past. He noticed many details of the changes occurring around him.
Oscar was born in Guugu Yimithirr country near the Palmer River gold rush region of far north Queensland. We do not know if he was orphaned or stolen but in 1887 he was taken from Gunggarra (Cooktown) to a large station1, near Camooweal, by Augustus Glissan when he was around ten. He worked as a stockman2 at the station for his boss Augustus Glissan.
Oscar filled a notebook with drawings about his life.
His drawings give a picture of life before, during and after the gold rush.
We will examine Oscar’s drawing that tell us about:
young Aboriginal people being separated from family and culture
the way police treated Aboriginal people
Working for the British
National Museum of Australia
Highlight the places on the map on your worksheet.
Write the year Oscar was taken from Gungaderra on your worksheet timeline
Vocabulary
Large farm property
a person who looks after the animals on a farm - horse riding skill can be important

7. Drawing no 37 Coroboree, National Museum of Australia
Concept Development
Life for Guugu Yimithirr People changed with the large number of people arriving in the homelands to farm and looking for gold. Oscar’s drawings shows how he saw loss of family, land and culture.
Drawing no 37 Coroboree, National Museum of Australia
Oscar’s book of drawings was given by his boss Glissan to a friend. Glissan wrote him a letter telling a little of Oscar’s story. This is how we know Oscar was from taken from Gunggarra when he was 10. This drawing is important because it tells us about Guugu Yimithirr people’s lives before the disruption3 of culture.
Vocabulary
3. interference or problems which interrupt a process

8. This drawing shows police shooting Aboriginal men.
Concept Development
Life for Aboriginal people changed with the large number of people arriving in Far North Queensland. Aboriginal people were shot if they tried to protect their land or family.
Drawing No 26
This drawing shows police shooting Aboriginal men.
The drawings are a primary source of information about the events in Oscar’s life.
Oscar’s book of 40 drawings was posted to Glissan’s friend when Oscar was about 18. We know Oscar was 18 from Glissan’s letter and we know he saw many changes due to the invasion and gold rush. We know he was badly burnt as a boy and could not ride a horse when he was 10.

9. Drawing No25 Aboriginal men chained and flogged by policemen
Concept Development
Life for Aboriginal people changed with the large number of people looking for gold arriving in Far North Queensland. Aboriginal people who fought for their land, resisting4 the invasion, were shot or flogged.
Drawing No25 Aboriginal men chained and flogged by policemen
Oscar’s book with drawings and the letter were given by Glissan’s friend to another friend. One hundred years later the National Museum of Australia realised what an important record of history this book is. Many of his drawings show police hurting Aboriginal people.
Vocabulary
4. fighting against someone or something

10. Guided Practice We have examined Oscar’s drawings that tell us about:
Life for Aboriginal people changed. As land was taken and families broken up people could not live their traditional life. Many Aboriginal people worked for the British.
We have examined Oscar’s drawings that tell us about:
young Aboriginal people being separated from family and culture
the way police treated Aboriginal people
Now we will examine how Oscar adapted5 to life without family, land and culture.
Drawing number 22 shows Gunggarra men and women who worked for the British in their homes, it shows tradition and adapting to a new situation.
Oscar worked as a stockman, so he learnt to ride a horse and work on a station.
Vocabulary
5. to change to suit a new situation better

11. Guided Practice Drawing Number 22
Oscar’s sketchbook is an autobiographic6 account of his life. It is a record of life from his perspective. He saw many changes.
- or interactive version
This is how you fill out the worksheet table in Independent Practice
Drawing Number 22
What is the subject of the drawing?
Gunggarra men with spears and women working in houses wearing dresses
materials
Pencil on paper
Shows people adapting to change and still having tradition, women are still looking after children and men are carrying spears
Autobiographical drawing, Oscar may be the small boy.
What does the drawing tell us about changes due to the invasion and gold rush?
other notes
6. An autobiography is a written, illustrated or spoken story or record of events of your own life. Autobiography is telling your own story, usually in writing.
A biography is telling another person’s life story.

12. Guided Practice Drawing Number 17
Oscar’s sketchbook is an autobiographic account of his life. Many Guugu Yimithirr People had their traditional life disrupted through having new people move into their homelands.
10, 000 Chinese goldminers came to Palmer River. It was a crowded place. There was a lot of conflict over the goldmines. More police and officials representing the government were sent to stop the fighting.
Now you can fil in the table on your worksheet, add some other notes about the drawing. What do you notice about the people in this drawing?
Drawing Number 17
What is the subject of the drawing?
Palmer River government officials and Chinese goldminers
materials
Pencil on paper
Officials seem to be chasing miners, this shows conflict.
Officials have uniforms, Chinese goldminers have hats
They all have moustaches.
What does the drawing tell us about changes due to the invasion and gold rush?
other notes
Drawing number 17

13. Peoples and Places Guugu Yimithirr, Langauge Nation
Teacher Directions
Show the Language Map of Australia
Drawing number 6, Attacking snake

14. Relevance A large number of new people arrived on the Eora
Homelands in We know that Barangaroo was worried that Eora people would lose their land, their food supply and culture.
Later a flood of British people came to Far North Queensland to farm and look for gold. We can see changes through Oscar’s drawings. We can see how Oscar adapted to a new life.
Pair Share
Does anyone else have another reason why examining the drawings by Oscar could be important? Knowledge, history, knowing more about culture, art, gold, stations, warriors, traditions and places
Drawing no 36 Endeavour River People

15. Closure
We have learnt that British people invaded Eora, Wiradjuri and Nuenonne land. We know that more people invaded Aboriginal land after the discovery of gold. We have examined Oscar’s drawings which show us the changes that took place in his life.
As more people came into Far North Queensland and took land, resistance by local nations grew. The police force became larger to protect the British and other people who came onto the homelands.
Pair Share
Why did Aboriginal people adapt to new ways of living? How did they adapt?
Drawing 28 Palmer River warriors

16. Making shell fish hooks Australian Museum
Independent Practice
You can now examine another drawing by Oscar and describe what you can see in the drawing.
Fill in the table on your worksheets.
Pair share
How has Oscar adapted to his life as a stockman working for Glissan?
Do you think this drawing has some funny parts?
Making shell fish hooks Australian Museum
Drawing no 35, Pencil on paper. Boss ordering boys to bathe (cold weather).
This drawing is about Oscar’s work as a stockman, the boss is Augustus Glissan, Oscar is probably the boy at the back.
Think about how Oscar adapted to his new life.