1. Cell Division Process by which new body cells are produced
In 24 hours, an adult human undergoes 2 trillion cell divisions
Bone marrow produces 2.5 million red blood cells per second

2. In a nucleus, there is DNA
DNA is the blueprint of life….it contains instructions to build proteins
DNA can be in 2 different shapes:
Chromatin - long thin strands
Chromosomes - coiled, thick
Humans have 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes (2 sister chromatids held together by centromeres)

3. Concept Map Cell Cycle Section 10-2 Go to Section: includes M phase
(Mitosis)
Interphase
is divided into
is divided into
G1 phase
S phase
Prophase
G2 phase
Metaphase
Telophase
Anaphase
Go to Section:

4. The Cell Cycle Section 10-2 G1 phase M phase S phase G2 phase
Go to Section:

5. Interphase Preparation phase - not a part of mitosis
G1 - cell doubles in size and in number of organelles
S - DNA replicates (46 chromosomes to 92)
G2 - structures are made to separate chromosomes (centrioles, spindle fibers)
Each strand of DNA has replicated - an identical pair is known as a chromatid and is joined by a centromere

6. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Chromatin
Centromere
Nuclear envelope
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming
Go to Section:

8. Prophase The first phase of Mitosis
Chromatin coils and condenses to form chromosomes
Nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear
Centrioles and spindle fibers appear

9. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Chromatin
Centromere
Nuclear envelope
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming
Go to Section:

11. Metaphase Spindle fibers move chromosomes to the equator of cell
Microtubules connect to the centromere of each chromosome

12. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Chromatin
Centromere
Nuclear envelope
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming
Go to Section:

14. Anaphase Chromatids are pulled apart and move to opposite ends of cell
Each side gets an identical set of DNA

15. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Chromatin
Centromere
Nuclear envelope
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming
Go to Section:

17. Telophase Spindle fibers and centrioles disappear
Chromosomes uncoil and appear as chromatin again
Nuclear membrane forms again; nucleolus reappear

18. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Chromatin
Centromere
Nuclear envelope
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming
Go to Section:

20. Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm
2 identical cells are formed - same size, identical DNA
Cleavage furrow (animal cell) or cell plate (plant cell)

21. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Chromatin
Centromere
Nuclear envelope
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming
Go to Section:

24. Interest Grabber Knowing When to Stop
Section 10-3
Knowing When to Stop
Suppose you had a paper cut on your finger. Although the cut may have bled and stung a little, after a few days, it will have disappeared, and your finger would be as good as new.
1. How do you think the body repairs an injury, such as a cut on a finger?
2. How long do you think this repair process continues?
3. What do you think causes the cells to stop the repair process?
Go to Section:

25. Control of Cell Division
Section 10-3
Go to Section:

26. If Pete Makes a Telephone Call
If - Interphase
Prophase - Metaphase - Anaphase - Telophase
Call - Cytokinesis