1. Electron Arrangement in Atoms
5.2
Electron Arrangement in Atoms
If this rock were to tumble over, it would end up at a lower height. It would have less energy than before, but its position would be more stable. You will learn that energy and stability play an important role in determining how electrons are configured in an atom.

2. Electron Configurations
5.2
Electron Configurations
Electron Configurations
What are the three rules for writing the electron configurations of elements?

3. Electron Configurations
5.2
Electron Configurations
1.aufbau principle
2. Pauli exclusion principle
3 Hund’s rule

4. Electron Configurations
5.2
Electron Configurations
Aufbau Principle
According to the aufbau principle, electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first.
This aufbau diagram shows the energy levels of the various atomic orbitals. Orbitals of greater energy are higher on the diagram. Using Tables Which is of higher energy, a 4d or a 5s orbital?

5. Electron Configurations
5.2
Electron Configurations
Pauli Exclusion Principle
According to the Pauli exclusion principle, an atomic orbital has two electrons with opposite spins

6. Electron Configurations
5.2
Electron Configurations
Hund’s Rule
Hund’s rule states that electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that maximizes the number of unpaired electrons in the outer orbitals.

7. Electron Configurations
5.2
Electron Configurations
Orbital Filling Diagram

10. for Conceptual Problem 1.1
Problem Solving 5.9 Solve Problem 9 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

11. Exceptional Electron Configurations
5.2
Exceptional Electron Configurations
Exceptional Electron Configurations
Why do actual electron configurations for some elements differ from those assigned using the aufbau principle?

12. Exceptional Electron Configurations
5.2
Exceptional Electron Configurations
Some actual electron configurations differ from those assigned using the aufbau principle because half-filled sublevels are not as stable as filled sublevels, but they are more stable than other configurations.

13. Exceptional Electron Configurations
5.2
Exceptional Electron Configurations
Exceptions to the aufbau principle are due to subtle electron-electron interactions in orbitals with very similar energies.
Copper has an electron configuration that is an exception to the aufbau principle.
Copper is a good conductor of electricity and is commonly used in electrical wiring.

14. 5.2 Section Quiz.
5.2.

15. 5.2 Section Quiz.
1. Identify the element that corresponds to the following electron configuration: 1s22s22p5. F Cl Ne O

16. 5.2 Section Quiz.
2. Write the electron configuration for the atom N.
1s22s22p5
1s22s22p3
1s22s1p2
1s22s22p1

17. the lowest energy level is completely filled.
5.2 Section Quiz.
3. The electron configurations for some elements differ from those predicted by the aufbau principle because the
the lowest energy level is completely filled.
none of the energy levels are completely filled.
half-filled sublevels are less stable than filled energy levels.
half-filled sublevels are more stable than some other arrangements. `

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