1. V. Mining

2. A. Minerals
1. Minerals are inorganic naturally occurring, solid materials with a definite chemical composition and atoms arranged in a specific pattern
2. Can be lone elements or a compound
3. Rocks containing high amounts of valuable minerals are ores.

3. 4. Most valuable ores are metallic
a. Share 3 characteristics that add to value
1. Ductile- can be stretched into wire
2. Malleable- shaped without breaking
3. Conductive- pass heat or electricity readily
b. Obtained from ore in process of smelting

6. 5. Nonmetallic ores also have value
a. Very durable
b. Either very corrosive or non reactive

8. B. Removal From Earth
1. Technique depends on the mineral, area of the world, and location in the layers
2. 3 main ways:
a. Dredging- scraping or vacuuming the minerals from the floor of a body of water

10. b. Surface mining- layers of rocks and
b. Surface mining- layers of rocks and soil are removed and sifted through
1. done with bulldozers and powershovels
2. called open pit or strip mining
c. Subsurface mining- shafts are dug underground and minerals are transported up

13. C. Mineral Values
1. Not all minerals are found in all parts of the world
2. Minerals of value are used worldwide
a. Without them industry would be crippled
b. Some places stock- pile for the future
3. Solution to obtaining needed minerals is trade.

14. 4. Trade is dictated by several factors
a. Need
b. Value
c. Politics
d. Environment
e. Economy
5. Any change in the above, affects trade
a Chilean rebels sabotaged copper mines, crippling the world economy