1. Conditioning the Spatial Integration of Renewable Energy?
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Conditioning the Spatial Integration of Renewable Energy?
Dr. Christian Zuidema
Spatial Planning & Environment
Faculty of Spatial Sciences
University of Groningen 1

2. Energy Transition renewable % renewable & sustainable hybrid fossil
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Energy Transition
renewable
&
sustainable
% renewable
hybrid
fossil
time 2

3. Space matters 21st century renewables? Above the ground
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Space matters
21st century renewables?
Above the ground
Much space needed
In our back yard

4. 03/12/2018
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Spatial Integration
Avoid social resistance & create regional added value

5. Spatial integration Limited regulations
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Spatial integration
Limited regulations
Responsibilities not clearly stipulated
Fear of public resistance
Tendencies:
Risk aversion
Do only what you are responsible for (sectoral)
Permits, licences, zoning plans
Protect, allocate, prohibit… 5

6. Spatial integration Build op institutional capacity
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Spatial integration
Build op institutional capacity
New regulations and policies
Integrated working (cross-sectoral)
Shared governance
But in a context of fast & unpredictable change! 6

7. The complexity of an energy transition
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The complexity of an energy transition
Much is unknown, unpredictable and disputed
‘Adaptive responses are needed’
Control is modest:
‘Adaptive planning as trying to condition, facilitate, experiment and learn’ 7

8. Adaptive planning? Outcome is clear Outcome is not clear
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Adaptive planning?
Outcome is clear
Outcome is not clear
Policy dominates
Policy follows 8

9. Adaptive planning (1) Control
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Adaptive planning
Outcome is clear
Outcome is not clear
Policy dominates
Control
Electricity cable to Denmark
Policy follows
(1) Control
“clear cut cases of protection, provide a push for low- hanging fruit, but all..?” 9

10. Adaptive planning (2) Pilots, experiments, learning
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Adaptive planning
Outcome is clear
Outcome is not clear
Policy dominates
Control
Electricity cable to Denmark
Policy follows
Learning ‘how’ to get there
Strategic Niche Management
(2) Pilots, experiments, learning
“nice, but does take a bit too much time…” 10

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Adaptive planning
Outcome is clear
Outcome is not clear
Policy dominates
Control
Electricity cable to Denmark
Policy follows
Learning ‘how’ to get there
Strategic Niche Management
Preparedness and adjustment
Agile organizations
(3) Flexible regulations, escape options, skills and pathways
“will be crucial, but does not answer the question” 11

12. Adaptive planning (4) Conditioning: stimulate, accommodate, facilitate
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Adaptive planning
Outcome is clear
Outcome is not clear
Policy dominates
Control
Electricity cable to Denmark
Conditioning the process
PV subsidies
Policy follows
Learning ‘how’ to get there
Strategic Niche Management
Preparedness and adjustment
Agile organizations
(4) Conditioning: stimulate, accommodate, facilitate
“seems most fitted to support new developments, but what are then the conditions?” 12

13. Conditioning? Only if with a local cooperative
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Conditioning?
Only if X% revenues to community
Only if with a local cooperative
Only if X% of population endorses …
“to what degree is this adaptive?”

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Adaptive planning
Outcome is clear
Outcome is not clear
Policy dominates
Control
Electricity cable to Denmark
Conditioning the process
PV subsidies
Policy follows
Learning ‘how’ to get there
Strategic Niche Management
Preparedness and adjustment
Agile organizations
Do we design the instiutions to help self-organisation to occurs, or do we allow self-organisation to partly ‘design’ the institutions? 14

15. Adaptive? Contract and covenant
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Adaptive?
Contract and covenant
Including only clear conditions on limited aspects (robustness)
Wide social participation
With values as underlying principles
Motivate and explain

16. Questions & discussion?
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Questions & discussion? 16