1. The Breathing System

2. By the end of today’s class you should be able to:
Know what aerobic respiration is
Give the word equation for aerobic respiration
Demonstrate the products of aerobic respiration.
About the parts of the breathing system
What happens when we breathe in and out

3. Homework
Write about the model of the lungs that we looked at today and how it works like our breathing system
Pg 45 Q2,3,4
Learn the word equation and the parts of the breathing system from today

4. This is not the way to do it!!
Getting energy from food
This is not the way to do it!!
You may want to add a musical clip of your own to this slide!

5. Why breathe?
Living things release energy from their food by burning it inside their cells. This is called respiration.
When animals use oxygen for respiration it is called aerobic respiration.

6. Getting energy from food
-The Equation +
Glucose
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide + +
Water
Energy

7. Review DIET Respiration digestion ENERGY
Once we have digested the food from our diet, we release many useful substances.
DIET
Respiration
digestion
Useful raw materials
ENERGY
The body uses the energy from respiration to turn these raw materials into useful substances.

8. B - The release of energy from food
1. Which of the following is a definition of respiration?
A breathing
B the release of energy from food
C obtaining oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide
D exchanging gases
Correct answer:
B - The release of energy from food

9. The Breathing system
Breathing is the way in which living things take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide and water from their bodies.
Mouth and Nose
Epiglottis
Voice box
Trachea
Ribs
Intercostal muscle
Bronchus
Give a brief description of how air travels to the alveoli in the human breathing system.
Mention that the alveoli is where gas exchange takes place – gases needed by the body can pass into the blood, whereas gases that body does not want pass from the blood into the alveoli.
Draw attention to the diaphragm. ribs and the Intercostal muscle and ask the students to guess what they might do.
Make the students aware that they should be able to label the parts of the breathing system.
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Diaphragm

10. Click on the ‘Air Drawn in’ buttons to explore the
animation
Give a brief description of how the air passes into the lungs – As the students to make comparisons to their observations from examining the model of the lungs.

11. Click on the ‘Passage of air’ buttons to explore the
animation
Give a brief description of how the air passes out of the lungs – As the students to make comparisons to their observations from examining the model of the lungs.

12. Test yourself… How do living things get energy from food?
What aerobic respiration is
Give the word equation for aerobic respiration
Name the two products of respiration
How can you test that water is made in respiration?
How can you test that carbon dioxide is made in respiration?

13. By the end of today you should be able to:
Describe the difference between inhaled air and exhaled air
Describe what happens in the alveoli during breathing
Say the functions of all of the parts of the breathing system

14. Activity Interactive game – breathing and respiration simulation
Ask students to complete these activities.
Interactive game – breathing and respiration simulation

15. Alveoli air in bronchiole oxygenated blood deoxygenated blood alveoli
Ask students to point out the alveoli are on the diagram of the lungs.
Give a brief description of the picture.

16. The outside of the alveolus is covered with tiny blood vessels.
Alveoli
Air makes its way to special air sacs.
known as an Alveoli
The outside of the alveolus is covered with tiny blood vessels.
We can look inside the alveolus to get some idea of why they are shaped the way they are.

17. Animation of gas exchange in the alveoli
Blood vessel (a capillary)
Bronchiole
Blood going to the body from the alveoli is rich in oxygen and low in carbon dioxide
Blood coming from the body is low in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide
Oxygen diffuses into the blood
Carbon dioxide and water vapour diffuse into the alveoli
Describe the gas exchange that takes place in the alveoli. Emphasise how the gas exchange take place by diffusion from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Show the animation and ask the students to explain what is happening.
Ask the students questions about where they think the oxygen will go to in the blood, and where all the carbon dioxide and water vapour is coming from – link to respiration!
Make the students aware that they should know how to describe how gas exchange occurs in the alveoli.
Alveolus
Animation of gas exchange in the alveoli

20. In and out but which way around?
Activity
In and out but which way around?
Ask students to complete the activity.

21. Experiment to test whether inhaled air or exhaled air has more carbon dioxide in it..

22. Differences between inhaled and exhaled air
Part of air:
Inhaled air
Exhaled air
Oxygen
21%
Less
Carbon dioxide
0.4%
More
Water vapour
Depends on the weather
Nitrogen
78%
The same
Go through the table while encouraging students to suggest possible reasons for these changes.
Make the students aware that they should be able to describe the trends of the changes but not the exact values!

23. The effects of smoking…
The tiny hairs inside your nose get clogged up and let dirt and bacteria get into your lungs!

24. The effects of smoking!
Bronchioles get irritated and secrete lots of mucous – this gives you smokers cough!

25. Smoking stops gas exchange happening properly
Smoking stops gas exchange happening properly! – carbon monoxide is taken into our blood instead of oxygen!

26. Even more dangers…
It increases the chances of getting lung cancer…

27. Even more dangers…
If you smoke when you are pregnant the chemicals will enter the babies blood and affect its development.

29. Living things can have different types of breathing systems!
An insect uses spiracles on their skin for gas exchange
Ask the students to what they think is different about breathing and respiration and discuss this.
Explain, very briefly, how gas exchange can happen in places other than the lungs!
Plants use tiny openings in their leaves called stomata for gas exchange
Fish use their gills for gas exchange

30. Homework Write up today’s first experiment into your notes copy
Get test signed and do corrections

31. Test yourself
Explain the difference between inhaled air and exhaled air.
What happens in the alveoli?
What gas is taken from the alveoli into the blood?
What gases travel from the blood into the alveoli?
How does smoking effect the breathing system?

32. The Breathing system
Breathing is the way in which living things take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide and water from their bodies.
Nasal cavity
Tongue
Epiglottis
Larynx (voice box)
Trachea
Ribs
Intercostal muscle
Bronchus
Give a brief description of how air travels to the alveoli in the human breathing system.
Mention that the alveoli is where gas exchange takes place – gases needed by the body can pass into the blood, whereas gases that body does not want pass from the blood into the alveoli.
Draw attention to the diaphragm. ribs and the Intercostal muscle and ask the students to guess what they might do.
Make the students aware that they should be able to label the parts of the breathing system.
Bronchiole
Alveoli
Diaphragm

33. Part of system Function (job) Nose
Used to take air into our bodies. Hair and mucus in nose trap the dirt and bacteria
Trachea
Carries air to the lungs. Held open by rings of cartilage.
Bronchus
Tube which carries air from the trachea to our lungs
Bronchioles
Thin tubes which carry air to from the bronchus to the alveoli.
Alveoli
Tiny air sacs were gas exchange takes place.
Intercostal muscles
Help air to move in and out of the lungs
Diaphragm
Ribs
Protect the lungs