1. Asia
Enlightenment
French
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France
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2. Opened Japan to trade after the arrival of Matthew Perry (not the guy from Friends).

3. Treaty of Kanagawa

4. Bridging the Bosporus and the Dardanelles, sultans ruled this empire until its disintegration during World War I.

5. Ottoman Empire

6. Located where modern Iran is, this Persian empire converted its people to Shi’a Islam.

7. Safavid Empire

8. He finally conquered Constantinople, changing its name to Istanbul.

9. Mehmed II

10. Descendents of Timur founded this Asian Empire on the Indian subcontinent, which it ruled until the British East India Company took over in the 1700s.

11. Mughal Empire

12. English philosopher who claimed all people have natural rights that can never be taken from them; if a government tries, the people can revolt.

13. John Locke

14. French philosophe who wanted religious tolerance and felt the ideal government was an absolute ruler educated in the ideas of the Enlightenment.

15. Voltaire

16. French philosophe; exiled in England, he came to admire their limited constitutional monarchy as the ideal form of government.

17. Baron de Montesquieu

18. French philosophe who advocated popular sovereignty and believed a republic to be the ideal form of government.

19. Jean-Jacques Rousseau

20. English woman who advocated rights such as divorce, property ownership, and voting for women to bring them greater equality.

21. Mary Wollstonecraft

22. This temporary government made both the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Tennis Court Oath

23. National Assembly

24. King and Queen when the French Revolution began; both die at the guillotine during the Revolution.

25. Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette

26. France’s limited constitutional monarchy where liberals sat on the left, conservatives on the right, and moderates in the center.

27. Legislative Assembly

28. He took credit for France’s new law code, faced the scorched earth policy in Russia, and established the Continental system to stop trade with the British.

29. Napoleon Bonaparte

30. They were angry with the voting rules at the Estates-General meeting, so they declared themselves a new temporary government.

31. Third Estate

32. He issued the Edict of Nantes to grant religious freedom to France’s Protestant Huguenots, although Louis XIV later revoked the Edict.

33. Henry IV of France

34. France’s First Republic; created by the Constitution of 1795, this corrupt government failed and led to Napoleon’s coup d’etat

35. Directory

36. They cleaned up the mess Napoleon made of Europe using 3 principles: 1)Balance of Power 2) Weaken France 3) Restore legitimate rulers across Europe

37. Congress of Vienna

38. He led the Jacobins, the most radical French revolutionaries; the Reign of Terror ended in 1794 with his execution.

39. Maximillian Robespierre

40. French prison-fortress seized by the workers of Paris on July 14, 1789, beginning the French Revolution.

41. Bastille

42. Question, Observe, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data collection, Analyze and interpret results

43. Scientific Method

44. The Sun King; he built Versailles and almost bankrupted France by fighting many wars to expand France’s borders north and east and also to make his grandson the king of Spain.

45. Louis XIV

46. Type of government pioneered by the British but Italy and Germany also had one, and even the French tried it a couple of times.

47. Limited Constitutional Monarchy

48. Top two social classes in colonial Latin America; both white, one was born in Europe and the other in the colonies.

49. Peninsulares and Creoles

50. They took power in Japan after the Samurai Civil War that ended the Tokugawa Shogunate.

51. Meiji Restoration