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Published byAlberta May Dawson Modified over 5 years ago
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The Industrial Revolution and Women in Western Europe
How did life compare for women of the: - Working class? - Middle class? - Upper class? - Peasantry? Adapted from Nina Wohl, Bronx High School of Science
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Questions to consider:
What is the role of women in society? How do women fulfill themselves? What is the ideal role for women?
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I. Background: The French Revolution
Women demanded political rights Any rights achieved were revoked with the Napoleonic Code
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Romanticism: art form that developed to contrast w/ harshness of Indus
Romanticism: art form that developed to contrast w/ harshness of Indus. Rev., very emotional Liberty Leading People (1830), by Delacroix
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Realism: art form that rejected Romanticism & dealt w/problems of Indus. Rev. head on
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How did the Industrial Revolution change women’s lives?
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Industrial Revolution – Women hauling coal
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II. Impact of Industrialization
A. Early phase - 1. Working class women: jobs in factories & mines AND caring for home & families 2. Middle class women assisted husbands in new factories & stores, had servant help at home
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II. Impact of Industrialization
Later phases - 1. Continuity for working class women 2. Middle class women discouraged from working after marriage, focus on the home
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How did life change for women who were peasants during the Industrial Revolution?
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How did life change for women of the upper class during the Industrial Revolution?
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Tea (1872), by James Tissot
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Madame Georges Charpentier & Her Children (1878) by Pierre-Auguste Renoir
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III. The Cult of Domesticity (separate spheres for men & women)
Women’s role centered on: child care, housekeeping, supervising servants & providing husbands w/ quiet home where they could escape pressures of business & politics
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Mother Feeding Child (1898) by Mary Cassatt
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The Princess by Alfred Lord Tennyson
Man for the field and woman for the hearth: Man for the sword and for the needle she: Man with the head and woman with the heart: Man to command and woman to obey: All else is confusion.
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Men seen as rational, decisive, practical
Women seen as loving, nurturing, morally pure, emotional How much has changed since then?
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The Modern Women
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The Ideal Woman???? Scarlett Johannssen
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