1. The Industrial Revolution and Women in Western Europe
How did life compare for women of the:
- Working class?
- Middle class?
- Upper class?
- Peasantry?
Adapted from Nina Wohl, Bronx High School of Science

2. Questions to consider:
What is the role of women in society?
How do women fulfill themselves?
What is the ideal role for women?

3. I. Background: The French Revolution
Women demanded political rights
Any rights achieved were revoked with the Napoleonic Code

4. Romanticism: art form that developed to contrast w/ harshness of Indus
Romanticism: art form that developed to contrast w/ harshness of Indus. Rev., very emotional
Liberty Leading People (1830), by Delacroix

5. Realism: art form that rejected Romanticism & dealt w/problems of Indus. Rev. head on

7. How did the Industrial Revolution change women’s lives?

8.                                      
Industrial Revolution – Women hauling coal

10. II. Impact of Industrialization
A. Early phase -
1. Working class women: jobs in factories & mines AND caring for home & families
2. Middle class women assisted husbands in new factories & stores, had servant help at home

11. II. Impact of Industrialization
Later phases -
1. Continuity for working class women
2. Middle class women discouraged from working after marriage, focus on the home

12. How did life change for women who were peasants during the Industrial Revolution?

15. How did life change for women of the upper class during the Industrial Revolution?

16. Tea (1872), by James Tissot

17. Madame Georges Charpentier & Her Children (1878) by Pierre-Auguste Renoir

18. III. The Cult of Domesticity (separate spheres for men & women)
Women’s role centered on: child care, housekeeping, supervising servants & providing husbands w/ quiet home where they could escape pressures of business & politics

19. Mother Feeding Child (1898) by Mary Cassatt

20. The Princess by Alfred Lord Tennyson
Man for the field and woman for the hearth:
Man for the sword and for the needle she:
Man with the head and woman with the heart:
Man to command and woman to obey:
All else is confusion.

21. Men seen as rational, decisive, practical
Women seen as loving, nurturing, morally pure, emotional
How much has changed since then?

23. The Modern Women

24. The Ideal Woman????
Scarlett Johannssen