1. CHAPTER 7 Personality and Personality disorder
Zhang Lei
SIR RUN RUN SHAW HOSPITAL
Good afternoon, everyone! Let’s begin from questions:

2. Aim
Grasp the definitions of personality traits and disorders features to all personality disorders
Be familiar with the psychotherapeutic and pharmacologic treatment strategies for patients with personality disorder

3. Personality What is personality?
Personality refers to enduring qualities of an individual that are shown in his ways of behaving in a wide variety of circumstances.
Mental disorder: differ from previous behaviour.

4. The importance of personality
Personality as predisposition
Personality as pathoplastic factor
Personality in relation to treatment

5. Personality types Sociable and outgoing type vs.
solitary and self-conscious type
Extraversion-introversion and neuroticism (Eysenck)
Fives factors: openness to experience; Conscientiousness, Extraversion-introversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism(OCEAN)

6. The origins of personality
Genetic influences
Childhood temperament
Young infants differ in patterns of sleeping and waking, approach or withdrawal from new situations, intensity of emotional responses, and span of attention.
Childhood experience

7. The assessment of personality
Personality tests are more reliable in healthy people.
Useful in research, seldom used in clinical practice.
The current behaviour of an ill person reflects the effects of the illness as well as the personality.

8. Personality disorder

9. The concept of abnormal personality
Statistical criterion: such as intelligence
Social criterion: cause individual suffer or cause suffering to others
Personality change
Due to organic disease of the brain
After psychiatric disorder
After a catastrophic experience

10. Koch(1891) used the term psychopathic inferiority to denote this group of people who have marked abnormalities of behaviour in the absence of mental illness or intellectual impairment.
Later the word inferiority was replaced by pesonality to avoid judgemental overtones.

11. Classification of personality Disoeder
ICD-10
DSM-Ⅳ
Paranoid
Schizoid
Dossocial
Schizotypal
Emotionally unstable
Antisocial
Impulsive
Passive-aggressive
Borderline
Histrionic
Anankastic
Obsessive-compulsive
Anxious
Avoidant
Dependent

12. Classification of personality Disoeder
Cluster A personality disorders
Paranoid personality disorder
Schizoid personality disorder
Cluster B personality disorders
Antisocial personality disorder
Histrionic personality disorder
Cluster C personality disorders
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Dependent personality disorder
Avoidant personality disorder

13. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria
Cluster A personality disorders
Paranoid personality disorder
Suspicious
Mistrustful
Sensitive
Resentful
Bears grudges
Self-important

14. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria
Cluster A personality disorders
Schizoid personality disorder
Emotionally cold
Detached
Aloof
Lacking enjoyment
Introspective

15. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria
Cluster B personality disorders
Antisocial personality disorder
Callous
Transient relationship
Irresponsible
Impulsive and irritable
Lack guilt and remorse
Fail to accept responsibility

16. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria
Cluster B personality disorders
Histrionic personality disorder
Self-dramatization
Suggestibility
Shallow, labile affect
Seeks attention and excitement
Inappropriately seductive
Over-concern with physical attractiveness

17. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria
Cluster C personality disorders
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Preoccupied with details, rules
Inhibited by perfectionism
Overconscientious and scrupulous
Excessively concerned with productivity
Rigid and stubborn
Expects others to submit to his ways
Excessively pedantic and bound by convention
Excessively doubting and cautious

18. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria
Cluster C personality disorders
Dependent personality disorder
Allows others to take responsibility
Unduly compliant
Unwilling to make reasonable demands
Feels unable to care for himself
Fear of being left to care for himself
Needs excessive help to make decisions

19. Descriptions and diagnostic criteria
Cluster C personality disorders
Avoidant personality disorder
Feelings of tension
Feels socially inferior
Preoccupied with rejection
Avoids involvement
Avoids risk
Avoids social activity

20. The prognosis of personality disorder
Personality disorders are defined as lifelong conditions, so little change would be expected with time. There is little reliable evidence about their outcome.

21. Treatment
Drug treatments
Psychological treatments

22. The management of personality disorders
Assessment
General aims: conflicts less with their character
Overall plan
Choice of psychotherapy
Choice of medication
Organization of services
progress

23. Thank you for your attention!23