1. Sand casting. Steps: 1.Mechanical Drawing of the part
2. Making pattern- about pattern material.
3.Making cores- if needed
4.Preparing drag and cope. (Setting the core, positioning etc.)
5.Removal of pattern
6Assembling cope and drag
7.Pouring- factors, method, etc.
8.Casting removed
9.Trimming etc.
10. READY FOR SHIPMENT

2. Some basics you had in Foundry
1.Mechanical Drawing of the part 2. Making pattern- about pattern material. 3.Making cores- if needed 4.Preparing drag and cope. (Setting the core, positioning etc.) 5.Removal of pattern 6Assembling cope and drag 7.Pouring- factors, method, etc. 8.Casting removed 9.Trimming etc READY FOR SHIPMENT 3 1 2 3a 3c 3b 4b 5a 4a 5b 6
8&9 10

3. DISADVANTAGES
Cast product properties inferior in many cases when compared with other manufacturing processes.
Elevated temperature working in castings, as material has to be melted.
Thin section limitations exist.
For number of components very small, casting not preferred.

4. SIGNIFICANT FACTORS- TYPE OF METAL,
THERMAL PROPERTIES OF BOTH THE METAL AND MOULD,
GEOMETRIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE VOLUME AND SURFACE AREA ,AND
SHAPE OF MOULD.

5. SOLIDIFICATION OF METALS
After pouring molten metal into mould, series of events takes place during solidification and cooling to ambient temperature.
These events greatly influence the size, shape, uniformity of the grains formed, and thus the over alll properties.

6. Three Stages of Contraction (Shrinkage)
The liquid Metal has a Volume "A” It solidifies to solid with a new volume "B" The solidified casting further contracts (shrinks)  through the cooling process to Volume "C"

7. COOLING CURVE For pure metal or compound Cooling of Liquid
TEMPERATURE
For pure metal or compound
Cooling of Liquid
Latent heat of solidification given off during freezing-
At constant temperature
Freezing begins
Freezing ends
Liquid +
Solid
Cooling of solid
Liquid
Solid
TIME, log scale