1. The Fall of the Republic

2. Terms, People, Places
Latifundia
Triumvirate
Julius Caesar
Rubicon

3. The Fall of the Republic
Rich vs. Poor
Growing gap between rich and poor (land)
Slaves taking jobs
"Bread and circuses" to earn votes
Why did reform fail?
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
Reform: buy land and give back to landless (failed)

4. Fall of the Republic The Army enters politics
Professional soldiers paid with land
They are now loyal to their general, not the republic
Sulla used his men to drive his enemies out and became dictator
Civil wars broke out for the next 50 years

5. The Fall of the Republic
4. Julius Caesar
First Triumvirate: Caesar, Pompey, Crassus
Crassus killed in battle, Pompey ordered back to Rome
Caesar gaining in popularity ordered to give up his army
"Crossing the Rubicon"
Caesar declares himself dictator
Achievements:
New colonies, new jobs, calendar (used by us today)
Feared that he wanted to become king, Caesar was stabbed in the Senate on March 15, 44 B.C.
The stabbing was led by Brutus and Cassius