1. IAEA International Workshop on Safe Disposal of LLW
Topic 2
Challenges in Developing a Safety Case
Working Group 2

2. Major Findings –Topic 2 Developing Safety Case
Countries have SC guidance
UK GRA, Belgium provide template & content guidance, Spain & Bulgaria have no specific guidance but common approaches available
Guidance available from IAEA
SSG-23, PRISM, PRISMA, GEOSAF (HLW)
Safety Assessments provide WAC detail
IAEA TECDOC 1380

3. Major findings (cont) –Topic 2
Scenarios / Modelling
Challenging – based on hypotheses
Biosphere modelling v important but difficult
ASAM, ISAM => FEPS, NEA => FEPS,IAEA Biomass WG
Provision of systematic approach to develop scenarios would be useful
Inventory
Review as process develops. Change safety case required.
Key Radionuclides
Operational & Long term may be different but both important.

4. Major findings (cont) –Topic 2
Characterisation
Historic waste may be an issue. What to measure for? May require reconditioning to meet WAC.
Uncertainty
Balance between cost/ time
ISAM, PRISM have looked at
Suggest further discussion on this topic
New Waste
Review Safety Case
Skilled Personnel
Challenging
Public Involvement
Involve at an early stage

5. IAEA International Workshop on Safe Disposal of LLW
Topic 3
Licensing Process and Responsibility for Safety
Working Group 2

6. Major findings –Topic 3 Decision Making Process Challenges
Each country different
PRISM has process
Challenges
Balance cost/ safety
Operator challenge to meet legislation
Time/ cost
Imposed
Timeframe and technical changes
Providing solutions for long term issues (closure)
When is enough acceptable?

7. Major finding (cont 1) – Topic 3
Challenges (cont)
Record Keeping
Political Decisions
Siting
Limited Resources/ conflict of interest
Responsibility
Lies with operator (Joint Convention)

8. Major Findings (cont 2) – Topic 3
Review Safety Case
Resource can be an issue
Timescales
IAEA GSG-4 Use of external experts
Communication between different groups important to maintain integrity of Safety Case